medical x-rays are the largest man-made source of public exposure to ionizing radiation. while the benefits of computed tomography (ct) are well known in accurate diagnosis, those benefits are not risk free. ct is a device with higher patient dose in comparison with other conventional radiation procedures. so it is important to avoid conditions where the amount of radiation used is more than th...

PURPOSE To retrospectively quantify the effect of systematic use of tube current modulation for neuroradiology computed tomographic (CT) protocols on patient dose and image quality. MATERIALS AND METHODS This HIPAA-compliant study had institutional review board approval, with waiver of informed consent. The authors evaluated the effect of dose modulation on four types of neuroradiologic CT st...

introduction: in 2000, the unscear reported that ct constitutes 5% of all the medical x-ray  examinations and it contributes 34% of the resultant collective dose worldwide. children are more  sensitive to the ionizing radiations than adults. so, routine quality control tests are expected to be  carried out periodically on the ct scanners. the aim of this research was to estimate the effective  ...

Introduction: Dental Cone beam CT (CBCT) is an imaging modality which has emerged as a 3D imaging modality of choice for osseous structures in the maxillofacial region. With increased usage of CBCT imaging for diagnosis and treatment planning, it is imperative that stringent dose assessments must be performed for dose estimation to safeguard both the patients and operating staf...

A study was undertaken to assess the quality of general chest CT examinations for indication of lung carcinoma according to the criteria proposed in the European Commission (EC) Guidelines, and to investigate their usefulness in the optimization of this practice. The criteria were evaluated for a sample of 100 examinations from five radiology departments in the Madrid area featuring single slic...

OBJECTIVE To propose Irish CT diagnostic reference levels (DRLs) by collecting radiation doses for the most commonly performed CT examinations. METHODS A pilot study investigated the most frequent CT examinations. 40 CT sites were then asked to complete a survey booklet to allow the recording of CT parameters for each of 9 CT examinations during a 12-week period. Dose data [CT volume index (C...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE IR has recently demonstrated its capacity to reduce noise and permit dose reduction in abdominal and thoracic CT applications. The purpose of our study was to assess the potential benefit of IR in head CT by comparing objective and subjective image quality with standard FBP at various dose levels. MATERIALS AND METHODS Ninety consecutive patients were randomly assigned ...

The critical thinking in English writing skills is among the heated discussions field of second language writing. Grounded Paul & Elder's model and aided by Critical Thinking Disposition Inventory-Chinese Version (CTDI-CV), present study explored non-English majors’ ability through examining development argumentative results shows no significant difference scores between experimental group ...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The advancement of multidetector CT technology has resulted in improved image quality as well as an increase in ionizing radiation dose to patient. The purpose of this study was to assess radiation dose and overall image quality of CT examination of the neck between fixed-tube current and automatic tube current modulation (ATCM) at 2 separate noise index levels. MATERIA...