Providing spatially explicit information of mangrove tree crown is essential to support management and monitoring of mangrove environment. This study developed a method to delineate individual Avicennia marina mangrove tree crown in Whyte Island (Brisbane, Australia) using the newly emerged GEOBIA approach and pan-sharpened WorldView-2 (WV-2, 0.5m pixel size) data. We used region growing techni...

Crown structure is a key variable influencing stand productivity, but its reported response to various stand factors has varied. This can be partially attributed to lack of a unified study on crown response to intensive management or stand health. In this analysis of several coastal Douglasfir (Pseudotsuga menziesii var. menziesii [Mirb.] Franco) branch datasets, a significant treatment effect ...

This study deals with correlations of tooth size in human primary teeth. Traditionally, mesiodistal or buccolingual measurements have been used to express crown size. However, in this study, crown area was used as a reference parameter. Graphic reconstructions of 38 histologically prepared human fetuses with Crown-Rump Length (CRL) between 54 and 280 mm were used to obtain linear and area measu...

UrbanCrowns is a software program developed by the USDA Forest Service that computes crown attributes using a side-view digital photograph and a few basic field measurements. From an operational standpoint, it is not known how well the software performs under varying photographic conditions for trees of diverse size, which could impact measurement reproducibility and therefore software utility....

Daily and seasonal net photosynthesis (Anet), transpiration (E), absorbed photosynthetically active radiation (Qa) and light-use efficiency (epsilonc) in a red maple container nursery were simulated with MAESTRA, a three-dimensional canopy model. Effects of canopy heterogeneity were simulated by imposing changes in crown spacing. The light transfer sub-model, a distribution model of incident, d...

The synthesis and cation-binding properties of a series of Calixarene derivatives possessing alkyl chain groups, ester groups and crown ether rings have been investigated. The syntheses of Calix[4]arene crown ethers and Calix[6]arene derivatives possessing alkyl chain, ester group and crown ether ring have been described. In order to evaluate their monovalent cation binding abilities, solvent e...