adian children each year, making it the second most common cause of respiratory distress in the first decade of life. It affects boys more than girls (1.4:1) and young children between 6 months and 3 years of age more commonly than younger infants, older children and adolescents. Croup is frequently preceded by 24–72 hours of nonspecific cough, rhinorrhea, coryza and fever, with abrupt onset of...

OBJECTIVES The objectives of this study were (1) to measure the 2005 performance of freestanding children's hospital emergency departments (EDs) in the care of children with asthma, bronchiolitis, and croup (ABC) using 5 clinical quality indicators and (2) to construct achievable benchmarks for 7 clinical quality indicators of ED care for children with ABC for 2005. METHODS This was a retrosp...

OBJECTIVE To determine the effectiveness of glucocorticoid treatment in children with croup. DESIGN Meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials that examine the effectiveness of glucocorticoid treatment in children with croup. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Score on scale measuring severity of croup,use of co-interventions (epinephrine, antibiotics, or supplemental glucocorticoids), length of stay...

OBJECTIVES To determine the role of laryngotracheal reconstruction for recurrent croup and evaluate surgical outcomes in this cohort of patients. METHODS Retrospective chart review at a tertiary care pediatric hospital. RESULTS Six patients who underwent laryngotracheal reconstruction (LTR) for recurrent croup with underlying subglottic stenosis were identified through a search of our IRB-a...

Croup (laryngotracheobronchitis) is a common childhood croup in the home setting, particularly as the reduction in anxiety which both child and parent experience may be illness with a peak incidence of 60 per 1000 child-years in those aged between one and two years. 1 More severe cases clinically useful, but it should be recognised that this is almost certainly a placebo effect and there is no ...

Postobstructive pulmonary edema is life-threatening, and results from a sudden episode of upper airway obstruction. Croup is generally thought to be a benign condition, but occasionally it can develop into postobstructive pulmonary edema. We present a case of a 5-year-old boy with recurrent croup, who was diagnosed with postobstructive pulmonary edema. Our experience alerts pediatricians to thi...

Background Many randomised control trials and systematic reviews have examined the benefits of glucocorticoids for the treatment of croup in children, but they have reported mainly on dexamethasone as an oral treatment for croup. No systematic reviews have examined prednisolone alone. Aim To determine in a systematic review of the literature whether a single dose of oral prednisolone is as ef...

BACKGROUND Human Parainfluenza Virus (hPIV) causes severe respiratory illness in infants and adults. Our study describes the association of hPIV1-4 with bronchiolitis, croup, and pneumonia using retrospective laboratory, administrative and public health data. Due to issues including the historic lack of hPIV4 in some commercial respiratory virus panels, the description of the impact of hPIV4 on...

Are neck radiographs necessary in the management of croup syndrome? Sir, A total of 115 children (83 boys and 32 girls) with croup syndrome were studied. Of these 110 had infective croup and five acute epiglottitis. The purpose of this study was to ascertain whether neck radiographs have any place in the diagnosis and management of croup syndrome in children. All except five with acute epiglott...