The crystalline swelling of smectites in electrolyte solutions can be controlled by varying the salt concentration of the solutions (Norrish and Quirk 1954, Norrish 1954a, Slade et al 1991). Such osmotic control offers a convenient means of studying the energetics of crystalline swelling. Several X-ray diffraction (XRD) techniques have been developed for measuring the basal spacing of smectites...

The nature of surface complexes formed on Ni uptake onto montmorillonite (a dioctahedral smectite) has been investigated over an extended time period by polarized extended X-ray absorption fine structure (P-EXAFS) spectroscopy. Self-supporting films of Ni-sorbed montmorillonite were prepared by contacting Ni and montmorillonite at pH 7.2, high ionic strength (0.3 M NaClO4), and low Ni concentra...

The effect of orientation of vermiculite particles on the diffusion of Na ion was measured by a tracer technique. The diffusion measurements were made on pellets prepared by pressing freezedried vermiculite in a cylindrical die and the diffusion coefficient evaluated by a thin-film boundary condition of Fick's law. Because flakes of vermiculite were highly oriented under the pressing force, it ...

this work is aimed to evaluate the role of nanoclay in the protective performance of an eco-friendly silane sol-gel layer applied on mild steel substrate in 0.1m sodium chloride solution. at the first step, the effect of ph of the silane solution, consisting of a mixture of γ-glycidoxypropiltrimethoxysilane and methyltriethoxysilane and tetraethoxysilane, on the coating performance was evaluate...

the corrosion protection of mild steel by a newly developed epoxy-based coating system containing inherently conducting nanopolyaniline-clay as a nanoadditive has been studied. polyaniline-clay anticorrosion nanoadditive (pcna) was obtained by the direct mixing method of nanopolyaniline (0.03 wt.%) and organo-modified clay (3 wt.%) at atmospheric pressure, and xrd technique was used to study d-...

Polylactide (PLA) is viewed as a potential material to replace synthetic plastics (e.g., poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET)) in food packaging, and there have been a number of developments in this direction. However, for PLA to be competitive in more demanding uses such as the packaging of oxygen-sensitive foods, the oxygen permeability coefficient (OP) needs to be reduced by a factor of ~10. T...

The fastest growth pattern of layer-by-layer (LBL) assembled films is exponential LBL (e-LBL), which has both fundamental and practical importance. It is associated with "in-and-out" diffusion of flexible polymers and thus was considered to be impossible for films containing clay sheets with strong barrier function, preventing diffusion. Here, we demonstrate that e-LBL for inorganic sheets is p...

The corrosion protection of mild steel by a newly developed epoxy-based coating system containing inherently conducting nanopolyaniline-clay as a nanoadditive has been studied. Polyaniline-clay anticorrosion nanoadditive (PCNA) was obtained by the direct mixing method of nanopolyaniline (0.03 wt.%) and organo-modified clay (3 wt.%) at atmospheric pressure, and XRD technique was used to study d-...

-Three methods were developed that allow for the imaging of any clay mineral in aqueous solutions with atomic force microscopy (AFM). The methods involve fixing the particles onto special substrates that do not complicate the imaging process, but hold the particles sufficiently so that they do not move laterally or float away during imaging. Two techniques depend on electrostatic attraction und...