Checkpoint abrogation in G(2) compromises repair of DNA double-strand breaks (DSB) and confers enhanced G(2) chromosomal radiosensitivity in ataxia telangiectasia (AT) cells. To directly test this hypothesis, we combined calyculin A-induced premature chromosome condensation with conventional cytogenetics to evaluate chromosome damage before and after the G(2) checkpoint in irradiated primary AT...

background: most of our current understanding of the biological effects of exposure to ionising radiation is based on conventional cytogenetic techniques, which enable us to determine the relationship between chromosomal aberration and dose received by radiation workers. however, conventional techniques have numerous limitations and chromosomal aberrations can be easily missed. since fish plays...

We examined the effects of grape seed extract (GSE) on chromosomal damage in two ways; induction on its own and prevention against treatment of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Chromosomal damage was evaluated by cytokinesis-block micronucleus assay (CBMN) in a human lymphoblastoid cell line, WIL2-NS cells. The GSE was composed of 89% proanthocyanidin with a degree of polymerization ranging from ...

DNA and chromosomal damage in peripheral blood leukocytes of patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) were investigated by using the single cell gel electrophoresis assay /comet and cytokinesis- block micronucleus (CBMN) assays, respectively. The case-control study comprised patients with CAD (n = 46; average age 53.0 ± 1.27 y) undergoing treatment at local hospitals, and healthy age-and sex...

DNA repair mechanisms are essential for the maintenance of genomic integrity. Disruption of gene products responsible for DNA repair can result in chromosomal damage. Improperly repaired chromosomal damage can result in the loss of chromosomes or the generation of chromosomal deletions or translocations, which can lead to tumorigenesis. The MYC protooncogene is a transcription factor whose over...

The aim of the study was to compare the spontaneous and ex vivo radiation-induced chromosomal damage in lymphocytes of untreated prostate cancer patients and age-matched healthy donors, and to evaluate the chromosomal damage, induced by radiotherapy, and its persistence. Blood samples from 102 prostate cancer patients were obtained before radiotherapy to investigate the excess acentric fragment...

OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to investigate the genotoxicity of waterpipe smoking in the lymphocytes of waterpipe smokers using chromosomal aberrations (CAs) assay. MATERIALS AND METHODS Fifty waterpipe smokers and 18 healthy non-smokers volunteered to participate in the study. Additionally, 18 heavy cigarette smokers were recruited for comparison. Chromosomal aberrations (CAs) assay ...

The iodinated radiopaques are widely used in radiologicals procedures for their higher quality and for better pathological diagnosis. Since they are numerous and can lead to cellular toxicity and/or genotoxicity, this study was carried out to investigate the efficacy of two routine compounds, that is, urographin 76% and telbrix 38. For this purpose, the metaphasic chromosomes of 30 patients un...

1. OECD Test Guidelines (TGs) are available for a wide range of in vitro genotoxicity assays that are able to detect DNA damage, gene mutation and/or chromosomal aberrations. There are TGs for in vivo endpoints (i.e. chromosomal aberrations, gene mutations and DNA repair as unscheduled DNA synthesis); however, these do not directly measure DNA damage. The alkaline single cell gel electrophoresi...