BACKGROUND The currently recommended technologies of HPLC and isoelectric focusing for newborn blood spot screening for sickle cell disease (SCD) identify both the disease and carrier states, resulting in large numbers of infants being followed up unnecessarily. Analysis of blood spot tryptic peptides performed by using tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) is an alternative technology to detect hem...

Carrier transport in modern nanoelectronic devices involves physical scales which require quantum descriptions. Basic quantum mechanics describes systems determined by Hamiltonian state vectors |Ψ>, which provide the spatial and time dependences of the physical observables. A pure state density operator |Ψ><Ψ| as obtained by a single state vector contains the most complete information about the...

Radiative recombination of bound-exciton carrier complexes in semiconductors often occurs under simultaneous excitation either electrons or holes to unbound states. This phenomenon, known as the electron recoil effect, manifests itself pronounced asymmetric spectral lineshapes resulting emission. Monitoring dynamics effect monolayer offers access transient nonequilibrium distributions exciton-c...

Alpha Thalassemia is one of the most prevalent disorders worldwide with a [T1]&nbsp;high carrier rate in Mazandaran province (north of Iran). Carriers of --MED double gene deletion are at risk of having a child with hemoglobin &nbsp;haemoglobin[T2]&nbsp; H (HbH) disease, if they marry a silent carrier. Co-inheritance of &alpha;&alpha;&alpha;Anti3.7 triplication that cannot be detected using hem...

In photovoltaic devices, the photo-generated charge carriers are typically assumed to be in thermal equilibrium with the lattice. In conventional materials, this assumption is experimentally justified as carrier thermalization completes before any significant carrier transport has occurred. Here, we demonstrate by unifying time-resolved optical and electrical experiments and Monte Carlo simulat...

Efficient interfacial carrier generation in van der Waals heterostructures is critical for their electronic and optoelectronic applications. We demonstrate broadband photocarrier generation in WS2-graphene heterostructures by imaging interlayer coupling-dependent charge generation using ultrafast transient absorption microscopy. Interlayer charge-transfer (CT) transitions and hot carrier inject...

Carrier proteins (CPs) play a critical role in the biosynthesis of various natural products, especially in nonribosomal peptide synthetase (NRPS) and polyketide synthase (PKS) enzymology, where the CPs are referred to as peptidyl-carrier proteins (PCPs) or acyl-carrier proteins (ACPs), respectively. CPs can either be a domain in large multifunctional polypeptides or standalone proteins, termed ...

n and p type InSb single crystals with as low as available initial carrier concentrations and dislocation densities were deformed by torsion or uniaxial compression. Hall effect and conductivity measurements exhibit a large decrease of the free carrier concentration and their mobilities for edge dislocations when the ratio between the carrier concentration and the dislocation density is not too...