Alveolar breath sampling was used to assess trihalomethane (THM) exposures encountered by collegiate swimmers during a typical 2-hr training period in an indoor natatorium. The breath samples were collected at regular intervals before, during, and for 3 hr after a moderately intense training workout. Integrated and grab whole-air samples were collected during the training period to help determi...

The prevalence of water disinfection byproducts in drinking water supplies has raised concerns about possible health effects from chronic exposure to these compounds. To support studies exploring the relation between exposure to trihalomethanes (THMs) and health effects, we have developed an automated analytical method using headspace solid-phase microextraction coupled with capillary gas chrom...

In this study, the changes in UV absorbance of water samples were characterized using defined differential UV spectroscopy (DUV), a novel spectroscopic technique. Chlorination experiments were conducted with water samples from Terkos Lake (TL) and Büyükçekmece Lake (BL) (Istanbul, Turkey). The maximum loss of UV absorbance for chlorinated TL and BL raw water samples was observed at a wavelength...

Chlorination of pool water leads to the formation of many by-products, chloroform usually being the most abundant. The paper reports the results of a study evaluating exposure of bathers and pool employees to trihalomethanes (chloroform, bromodichloromethane, dibromochloromethane, bromoform) in four indoor swimming pools with chlorinated water. Chloroform concentrations in environmental air sam...

The toxicological risks and lifetime cancer risks of trihalomethanes through oral ingestion, dermal absorption, and inhalation exposure from tap water in selected regions in Lebanon are estimated. Existing trihalomethane concentrations do not pose any non-carcinogenic and developmental risks in the exposed population via oral ingestion. Among the three pathways, residents have a higher risk of ...

Resin adsorption techniques using three types of resin (DAX-8, AG-MP-50, and WA-10) were employed to characterize the raw water (RW) from the major 3 million m3/day (793 million gal/day) drinking water treatment plant in Bangkok, Thailand. The dissolved organic carbon (DOC) mass distribution sequences of the six organic fractions in raw water, from high to low, were hydrophilic neutral (HPIN), ...

Water chlorination can lead to the formation of disinfection byproducts, including trihalomethanes (THMs). However, few epidemiologic studies have explored associations between THM exposure and mortality. This study included 6720 adults aged ≥40 years from National Health Nutrition Examination Survey 1999–2012 who had blood concentrations quantified. A higher risk all-cause mortality was found ...

Disinfection by-products (DBPs) are ubiquitous contaminants in tap drinking water with the potential to produce adverse health effects. Filtering and boiling tap water can lead to changes in the DBP concentrations and modify the exposure through ingestion. Changes in the concentration of 4 individual trihalomethanes (THM4) (chloroform (TCM), bromodichloromethane (BDCM), dibromochloromethane (DB...