Nerve agents are highly toxic organophosphorus compounds with strong inhibition potency against acetylcholinesterase (AChE). Herein, we describe two first extremely promising uncharged reactivators for poisoned human AChE with a superior or similar in vitro ability to reactivate the enzyme as compared to that of HI-6, obidoxime, TMB-4 and HLö-7.

The first palladium-catalyzed dearomative cyclization via a modified Catellani-type C-H functionalization has been realized. The new strategy led to a series of spiroindolenine derivatives bearing an all-carbon quaternary spirocenter from simple aryl halides and substituted indoles.

In this work, the ligand-free heterogeneous copper Cu-g-C3N4 was synthesized and used for the hydroxylation of aryl iodides to synthesize phenols using cheap bases. The catalyst was conveniently prepared, air-tolerant, reusable and scalable, and is very efficient for a wide range of substrates. The synthesis of substituted phenols can be carried out under air conditions and has great potential ...

The formation and use of iminyl radicals in novel and divergent hydroimination and iminohydroxylation cyclization reactions has been accomplished through the design of a new class of reactive O-aryl oximes. Owing to their low reduction potentials, the inexpensive organic dye eosin Y could be used as the photocatalyst of the organocatalytic hydroimination reaction. Furthermore, reaction conditio...

During a period of 10 months, inter and intraindividual variations in plasma cholinesterase (ChE) activity were studied in 331 employees of an organophosphorus insecticide factory, and in 193 healthy volunteers without occupational exposure to known ChE inhibitors. Repeated (n = 6) measurements of ChE activity and ChE substance concentration were performed in 410 subjects. The study showed subs...

The direct C-H annulation of anilines or related compounds with internal alkynes provides straightforward access to 2,3-disubstituted indole products. However, this transformation proceeds with poor regioselectivity in the synthesis of unsymmetrically 2,3-diaryl substituted indoles. Herein, we report the rhodium(III)-catalyzed C-H annulation of nitrones with symmetrical diaryl alkynes as an alt...

A catalytic method for the decarboxylative coupling of 2-(azaaryl)carboxylates with aryl halides is described. The decarboxylative cross-coupling presented is mediated by a system catalytic in both palladium and copper without requiring stoichiometric amounts of organometallic reagents or organoboronic acids. This method circumvents additional synthetic steps required to prepare 2-azaaryl organ...

We used a novel study design to measure dietary organophosphorus pesticide exposure in a group of 23 elementary school-age children through urinary biomonitoring. We substituted most of children's conventional diets with organic food items for 5 consecutive days and collected two spot daily urine samples, first-morning and before-bedtime voids, throughout the 15-day study period. We found that ...

Herein we report Pd catalyzed Suzuki type cross coupling between aryl halides and silylboranes for the syntheses of aryl silanes. This reaction shows a general substrate scope, excellent compatibility with electrophilic functionalities and good yields.

Palladium complexes of two new types of unsymmetrical pyridyl-supported pyrazolyl-N-heterocyclic carbene ligands were synthesized and structurally characterized. A strategy to release the steric strain of the ligand was realized by the introduction of methylene linkers to the ligand molecule. All the palladium complexes exhibited good to excellent catalytic activity in Suzuki-Miyaura reactions ...