Enzymes are very effective and biodegradable catalysts, and act under mild conditions such as room temperature, atmospheric pressure, and around pH 7. Consequently, the applications of enzymes to the organic synthesis have extensively been studied from the standpoint of the development of sustainable synthetic processes (Truesdell, 2005). Enzymes exhibit the high activity and specificity not on...

In this work, we have evaluated how well the general assisted model building with energy refinement (AMBER) force field performs in studying the dynamic properties of liquids. Diffusion coefficients (D) have been predicted for 17 solvents, five organic compounds in aqueous solutions, four proteins in aqueous solutions, and nine organic compounds in nonaqueous solutions. An efficient sampling st...

The rate of protein digestion imposes significant limitations on high-throughput protein identification using mass spectrometry. In this report, we demonstrate that proteins are readily digested by trypsin in the presence of organic solvents such as methanol, acetone, 2-propanol, and acetonitrile. The rates of protein digestion in organic solvents, as indicated by the abundances of digest fragm...

using enrichment procedures, 45 organic solvent-tolerant lipase producer bacterial strains were screened from areas contaminated by oil and organic solvents. among the strains, 15 isolates exhibited extreme stability toward organic solvents and high lipolytic activity. the neb-1 isolate which was later identified as   pseudomonas sp. strain neb-1 by biochemical tests and 16s rdna gene sequ...

Stable dispersion of reduced graphene in various organic solvents was achieved via noncovalent functionalization with amine-terminated polymers. An aqueous dispersion of reduced graphene was prepared by chemical reduction of graphene oxide in aqueous media and was vacuum filtered to generate reduced graphene sheets. Good solvents and nonsolvents for the dried reduced graphene were evaluated usi...

The properties of xanthurenic acid (XAN) in ground and photoexcited states have been studied using steady-state and time-resolved optical methods as well as quantum chemistry calculations. In neutral aqueous solution and in alcohols, XAN is present in a single tautomeric form (keto form), whereas in aprotic solvents and probably in basic aqueous solutions, more than one tautomeric form is prese...

Two bile acid derived molecules containing basic amino groups are reported to be efficient and unusual gelators of organic and aqueous solvents.

In this communication we report the first preparation of ionic liquid-modified carbon nanotubes with reversibly switchable solubility between aqueous and organic solvents, induced by anion exchange.

Sucrose hydrolysis reaction, catalysed by invertase under microwave irradiation was carried out in aqueous, isopropanol + water and polyethylene glycol + water system. The effect of conventional and microwave heating on the rate of hydrolysis was studied under a range of physical exposure conditions. The catalytic activity of invertase in aqueous and organic solvents were measured at different ...

The properties of xanthurenic acid (XAN) in ground and photoexcited states have been studied using steady-state and time-resolved optical methods as well as quantum chemistry calculations. In neutral aqueous solution and in alcohols, XAN is present in a single tautomeric form (keto form), whereas in aprotic solvents and probably in basic aqueous solutions, more than one tautomeric form is prese...