We consider a two echelon supply chain with a single retailer and a single manufacturer. Inventory replenishment policies at the retailer level transmit customer demand variability to the manufacturer, sometimes even in an amplified form (known as the bullwhip effect). When production is inflexible at the manufacturing level, significant costs may be incurred by ramping up and down production l...

In this paper, we give some conditions under which the finite sum of continuous $g$-frames is again a continuous $g$-frame. We give necessary and sufficient conditions for the continuous $g$-frames $Lambda=left{Lambda_w in Bleft(H,K_wright): win Omegaright}$ and $Gamma=left{Gamma_w in Bleft(H,K_wright): win Omegaright}$ and operators $U$ and $V$ on $H$ such that $Lambda U+Gamma V={Lambda_w U+Ga...

We prove that for any constant k and any < 1, there exist bimatrix win-lose games for which every -WSNE requires supports of cardinality greater than k. To do this, we provide a graphtheoretic characterization of win-lose games that possess -WSNE with constant cardinality supports. We then apply a result in additive number theory of Haight [8] to construct win-lose games that do not satisfy the...

The Minority Game is a model of interacting agents, who try to choose between two options every day, and those who are in the minority are winners. In an earlier paper, efficient stochastic strategies for this game was analyzed when the number of agents is 3, 5, 7. When the number of agents is large, the behaviour is qualitatively different, and as the discount parameter is varied, there is a s...

This article examines possibilities to develop the service sector in a peripheral area by using virtual business incubations instead of traditional, location-based business incubations. The article introduces typical characteristics of physical business incubations and compares them with features that are possible to be provided also virtually. Then, using the tourism branch in Finnish Lapland ...