this paper introduces discretionary imprecise data in data envelopment analysis (dea) and discusses the efficiency evaluation of decision making units (dmus) with non-discretionary imprecise data. then, suggests a method for evaluation the efficiency of dmus with non-discretionary imprecise data. when some inputs and outputs are imprecise and non-discretionary, the dea model becomes non-linear ...

Imprecise probability identifies a number of various mathematical frameworks for making decisions when precise probabilities (or PDF) are not known. Imprecise probabilities are normally associated with epistemic sources of uncertainty where the available knowledge is insufficient to construct precise probabilities. While there is no “unified theory of imprecise probabilities”, most frameworks d...

Given the ambiguity and imprecision of the "concept" in the Internet, which may be described with both textual and image information, the use of Fuzzy Conceptual Matching (FCM) is a necessity for search engines. In the FCM approach, the "concept" is defined by a series of keywords with different weights depending on the importance of each keyword. Ambiguity in concepts can be defined by a set o...

The article presents a conceptual framework for computations with imprecise values. Typically, the treatment of imprecise values differs from the treatment of precise values. While precise computations use a single number to characterize a value, computations with imprecise values must deal with several numbers for each value. This results in significant changes in the program code because valu...

In reliability theory, the reliability measures contend the very important and depreciative role for any system analysis. Measurement of reliability measures is not easy due to ambiguity and vagueness which exist within reliability parameters. It is also very difficult to incorporate a large amount of uncertainty in well-established methodologies and techniques. However, fuzzy logic provides an...