abstracta number of economists argue that the capital expenditure has a positive impact and the current expenditure has negative impact on output while others believe that the government expenditure, regardless of being current or capital spending, has a negative impact on the economy. in this direction, this paper tries to investigate the impact of current and capital government expenditure on...

Since the financial crisis burst out in 2008, the capital structure of banking has become the important question which the theorists pay close attention to, so this article focused on China Listed Commercial Bank’s capital structure. Based on a summary on the capital structure theory, this article analyzed the definition and characteristics of the banking capital structure. Besides, this articl...

The recent literature on taxation and growth has stressed the optimality of a zero long-run taxation on all accumulative factors of production. For a given path of government spending, the optimal tax plan requires the government to build up a positive stock of public wealth in the short run in the long-run, government spending can be financed with the income accruing from the management of the...

The word ‘planning’ is often used to denote the technical elaboration of the means needed for the implementation of a policy which is considered as already given. This use of the word, however, obscures an important element in the concept of planning: far from being given a priori, an economic policy needs itself to be planned or, shall we say, designed. Some of the principal problems connected...

In 1991 Indian government launched systematic economic reforms programme. The infrastructure industries such as telecommunications and electricity have subsequently been restructured and opened to private sector participation. Accompanied with the restructuring and privatisation has been setting up of independent regulatory agencies for telecommunications and electricity. While there is a singl...

Government ownership of banks is very common in countries other than the United States. This paper provides cross-country, bank-level empirical evidence about political influences on these banks. It shows that government-owned banks increase their lending in election years relative to private banks. This effect is robust to controlling for country-specific macroeconomic and institutional factor...

Purpose: Since the beginning of the new health care reform in 2009, the state has illustrated the top design and health care improvement strategy of "encouraging social capital to participate in the reform of public hospitals", in accordance with the program's general objective. All areas have been explored on this matter and the results obtained are very interesting, not to mention the acquisi...