iv abstract this study examined the linguistic behaviors of two iranian efl teachers each of them teaching learners of two similar proficiency levels, a beginner level and an intermediate level, to investigate the relationship between the learners proficiency levels and the amounts and purposes for l1 use by the two teachers. the study was carried out to investigate whether there were differe...

در ســــالهای اخیر، هیدرومشتقاتی مانند دی هیدروپیریدینهای هانش(dhps) و دی هیدروپیریمیدین-اونها و یا تیونهای بیگینلی(dhpms) جایگاه زیادی در شیمی دارویی به خود اختصاص داده اند که ناشی از فعالیتهای وسیع بیولوژیکی آنها مانند فعالیت ضد میکروبی، ضدفشارخون و مسدودکننده کانالهای کلسیم می باشد. هدف از این کار پژوهشی سنتز سبز و آسان dhps از طریق واکنش تراکمی آلدهید آروماتیک، آمونیوم استات و الکیل استواست...

efl/esl textbooks have been regarded as essential language teaching materials with which the learners spend about 70 up to 90 percent of their class time. the important role they play and their vast use make them not only influential in learning the language but also in shaping values and attitudes. put it another way, textbooks socialize learners using their contents (i.e. texts, illustrations...

chapter i provides an overview of structural linguistics and touches upon the saussurean dichotomies with the final goal of exploring their relevance to the stylistic studies of literature. to provide evidence for the singificance of the study, chapter ii deals with the controversial issue of linguistics and literature, and presents opposing views which, at the same time, have been central to t...