Are there any differences in how men and women fare from unemployment in terms of the wages they receive on a new job? This paper addresses that question using the 1991 wave of the Level of Living Survey. The results suggest that men who experience unemployment will suffer a reduction of subsequent wages while no such effect could be found for women. These findings support the interpretation th...

Using confidential linked firm-level trade transactions and census data between 1997 and 2012, we provide new evidence on how American firms without foreign affiliates adjust employment and wages in response to import competition from low-income countries. We provide stylized facts on the input sourcing strategies of these domestic firms, with an emphasis on how their importing behavior differs...

Employees Who Become Self-Employed: Do Labour Income and Wages Have an Impact? This paper analyzes the self-employment decision among Swedish-born male employees. The main objective of the paper is to investigate the impact of the relation between the actual and the predicted income on the probability to become self-employed. The predicted income is calculated from a standard income regression ...

Recent research has shown that men's wages rise more rapidly than expected prior to marriage, but interpretations diverge on whether this indicates selection or a causal effect of anticipating marriage. We seek to adjudicate this debate by bringing together literatures on (1) the male marriage wage premium; (2) selection into marriage based on men's economic circumstances; and (3) the transitio...

Wages are determined by the fierce struggle between capitalist and worker. The capitalist inevitably wins. The capitalist can live longer without the worker than the worker can live without him. Combination among capitalists is habitual and effective, while combination among the workers is forbidden and has painful consequences for them. In addition to that, the landowner and the capitalist can...

STEM Graduates, Human Capital Externalities, and Wages in the U.S. Previous research suggests that the local stock of human capital creates positive externalities within local labor markets and plays an important role in regional economic development. However, there is still considerable uncertainty over what types of human capital are most important. Both national and local policymakers in the...

This survey serves as the ninth in a series of toxicology salary surveys conducted at 3-year intervals and beginning in 1988. An electronic survey instrument was distributed to 5919 individuals including members of the Society of Toxicology, American College of Toxicology, and 23 additional professional organizations. Question items inquired about gender, age, degree, years of experience, certi...

This paper aims at answering the question: How does a typically European bargaining system |with collective bargaining, extension mechanisms and national minimum wage |coexist with low unemployment rate and high wage °exibility? A unique data set on workers, ̄rms and collective bargaining contracts in the Portuguese economy is used to analyze the determinants of both the bargained wage and the ...

The role of migration in influencing convergence between regions at different levels of economic development is analyzed using the example of Germany following reunification, with particular reference to the impact of migration on wages. "Several ways of regional wage formation are investigated, among them a full employment wage mechanism as well as a fast regional convergence of wages which i...

Labor unions are an important economic and political force in South Africa. Inequality in wage rates is among the largest in the world in South Africa, with African and white workers receiving wages that differ by a factor of five. The complex role of unions in closing and creating this wage gap is assessed in this paper. Union membership among Africa male workers is shown to be associated in 1...