Introduction: The purpose of this study was to evaluate vertical facial and dental changes after orthodontic treatment with extraction of first four premolars, and to find whether long facial height could influence the treatment result. Methods: Fifty-six orthodontic patients with the minimum age of 15, whose treatment plan involved extracting four first premolars, participated in the study. Th...

A scale-free network is grown in the Euclidean space with a global directional bias. On a vertical plane, nodes are introduced at unit rate at randomly selected points and a node is allowed to be connected only to the subset of nodes which are below it using the attachment probability, pi(i)(t) approximately k(i)(t)l(alpha). Our numerical results indicate that the directed scale-free network fo...

the effect of a combined system of the bed suction and jet injection as a pier-scour countermeasure on the turbulent flow field is studied in a laboratory flume using an acoustic doppler velocimeter (adv). the three components of the velocities in the vertical symmetry plane in the equilibrium scour hole in front and rear of the pier under 3-jet injections and bed suction rate qs/q0 = 2%located...

Vertical phoria (vertical vergence in the absence of binocular feedback) can be trained to vary with non-visual cues such as vertical conjugate eye position, horizontal conjugate eye position and horizontal vergence. These prior studies demonstrated a low-level association or coupling between vertical vergence and several oculomotor cues. As a test of the potential independence of multiple eye-...

OBJECTIVE To find out if it is possible to control maxillary anterior teeth in sagittal and vertical plane during retraction by altering the vertical levels of force application in the posterior region, i.e. identifying the type of movement of the maxillary anterior teeth which occurs when force would be applied from four different levels i.e. High, Medium, and Low pull Implants and from a conv...

Auditory saltation is an illusion in which a train of clicks, the first half of which is presented at one location and the other half of which is presented from a second location, is perceived as originating not only from the anchor points, but also from locations between them. That is, intermediate members of the series of clicks have their spatial locations systematically misperceived. In the...

Ray casting may be applied to the terrain rendering from DTMs (Digital Terrain Models). In this paper we propose a ray casting method which exploits exact vertical ray coherence. This method not only achieves a good performance, but also allows any set of viewing parameters. To analyze vertical ray coherence property, we define the terms: a ray plane which is perpendicular to the sea-level plan...

introduction: the purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationship between the position of mandibular third molar (m3) and vertical skeletal malocclusions. methods: materials for the study consisted of panoramic radiographs and lateral cephalograms of 73 fifteen to nineteen-year-old class i patients (girls=66%, boys= 34%). patients were classified into three groups based on four vertical ...