background tubercle bacilli most often are transmitted from one person by the airborne route. the aim of the present study was to determine the frequency of latent tuberculosis infection and active pulmonary tuberculosis among patients with chronic psychiatric disorders in hamedan. patients and methods in a cross sectional study, 215 patients with chronic psychiatric disorders were investigated...

In the United States, latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) affects between 10 and 15 million people, of whom 10% may develop active tuberculosis disease. People at increased risk for tuberculosis reactivation include recent immigrants from countries with a high incidence of tuberculosis, children younger than age 5, people who have been infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis within the past 2...

Childhood tuberculosis accounts for a significant proportion of the global tuberculosis disease burden. However, tuberculosis in children is difficult to diagnose, because disease tends to be paucibacillary and sputum samples are often not easy to obtain. The diagnosis of tuberculosis in children is traditionally based on chest radiography, tuberculin skin testing, and mycobacterial staining/cu...

BACKGROUND In the outpatient use of tuberculin skin testing (purified protein derivative [PPD]), it is at times inconvenient to have a patient revisit for interpretation. Therefore, we assessed patients' ability to self-interpret these test results. METHODS In keeping with prior custom, patients were seen by an experienced nurse, who performed skin testing with PPD intermediate strength as we...

The incidence of tuberculosis has always been high among monkeys and anthropoid apes in captivity in zoological gardens and research colonies. More recently it has been recognized that the disease is a serious menace both to the welfare of the animals and to that of human contacts. About 25 per cent of more than 2000 monkeys and anthropoids used by the Laboratory of Physiology of the Yale Unive...

One hundred and two patients with inoperable bronchial carcinoma who had tuberculin tests at the time of diagnosis were followed up to see if there was any correlation between their degree of tuberculin reactivity and their subsequent survival time. There was a significant difference in survival between positive and negative tuberculin reactors (Log Rank Test P less than 0.05), the former havin...

conclusions here we review the clinical applications, advantages, and limitations of the tuberculin skin test and interferon-gamma release assays and provide an overview of the most recent systematic reviews conducted for the comparison of these tests. context it has been estimated that one-third of the world’s population are suffering from latent tuberculosis infection (ltbi). in order to cont...

Regulatory T cells, which stimulate or inhibit the effector functions of distinct T cell subsets, are critical in the control of the immune response. We investigated the effect of TGF-beta and IL-10 on T cell subsets according to the Th1/Th2 immune status. Sixty-two patients with asthma and 38 patients with pulmonary tuberculosis were included. Allergy skin tests, tuberculin tests, and chest ra...