it has been suggested that single nucleotide polymorphisms (snps) in genes involved in toll-like receptors (tlrs) pathway may exhibit broad effects on function of this network and might contribute to a range of human diseases. however, the extent to which these variations affect tlr signaling is not well understood. in this study, we adopted a bioinformatics approach to predict the consequences...

Abstract Objective: The previous studies indicated that the TLRs especially Toll-like receptor 4) TLR4 (are involved in the process of diabetes. The aim of the present research was to investigate the time course expression pattern of TLR4-a main component of innate immune system- in mRNA levels in the heart tissue of diabetic male wistar rats. Materials and Methods: In this research, adu...

After the discovery of Toll-like receptors (TLRs), innate immune mechanisms came back in the focus of scientific research. With more and more mechanisms of TLR biology known, it has become clear that these and also other innate immune receptors are not only of crucial importance in the immune response to invading pathogens, but also play a role in the homeostasis of commensal flora and in the r...

MicroRNAs (miRNA) are small noncoding RNAs with gene regulatory functions. Their expression is frequently dysregulated in almost all human tumors and they can be found circulating within exosomes secreted by cancer cells. In addition to being promising cancer biomarkers with diagnostic, prognostic, and theranostic implications, circulating miRNAs have also important biologic functions: they can...

Many studies reported that genetic variation in interleukin-1 (IL-1) receptors/Toll like receptors (TLRs) are susceptible to infectious diseases. TLRs play an important role in the innate immune response to invading pathogens. TLRs are emerging in conditions such as asthma, rheumatoid arthritis, sepsis syndrome, and systemic lupus erythromatosis, suggesting that targeting of TLRs might be usefu...

Abstract The mast cells, as located in the skin’s dermal layer, are important innate immune cells that mediate inflammation a defense response against outer pathogens. Mast activated by receptors such Toll-like receptrs (TLRs) and interact with variety of including keratinocytes. This study confirmed effect TLRs-stimulated on migration keratinocytes residing epidermis. HaCaT human keratinocyte ...

The present review discusses the immune signals via toll like receptors (TLRs) against 2019nCoV. We researched using different database, up to June 18th, 2020. All included articles were published in English language. outcome of this review, that some TLRs agonists or antagonists are progressed as drugs combat and down regulating respectively. 3 4 recognized 2019nCoV spike protein through molec...

Oral lichenoid reactions (OLRs) are chronic inflammatory lesions induced by contact with allergens. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are members of pattern-recognition receptor superfamily. Once activated, TLRs induce production of cytokines and chemokines, thus leading to inflammatory reaction in host tissue. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the potential role of TLRs in the initiation ...