Reference governors are applied to closed-loop tracking systems that are linear and discrete time and have constraints on state and control variables. Earlier results are extended in signi"cant ways. Disturbance inputs, whose values belong to a speci"ed set, are allowed and a general class of reference governors is introduced. Each governor in the class guarantees constraint satisfaction for al...

I investigate whether voters judge the performance of their governor on taxes by comparing him to governors from neighboring states. If voters do make these comparisons, it creates "yardstick competition," where governors are competing with each other as they set taxes. Previous research has shown that governors are punished at the ballot box for raising taxes. However, Besley and Case (AER 199...