The need for answers to these questions sparked my investigation into the available literature on learning theories and their implications for instructional design. I found many articles and internet sites that dealt with learning theory and ID, in fact, it was difficult to know when and where to draw the line. When I stopped finding new information, and the articles were reaffirming what I had...

The development of design science is outlined in this article followed by a description of the concept of design space, which is illustrated by maritime design. The example is used to illuminate and situate the current state of instructional-design science. The article summarizes the developments of an instructional design science, both in Europe and in the United States of America. Following t...

This is the second of a two-part article that discusses the history of the field of instructional design and technology in the United States. The first part, which focused on the history of instructional media, appeared in the previous issue of this journal (volume 49, number 1). This part of the article focuses on the history of instructional design. Starting with a description of the efforts ...

This research documents how instructional design could be taught based on a particular view of teaching, one that regards teacher and student as mutual learners (co-participatory) and supports critical, self-appraisal (reflexivity) by all participants. In addition to how one views teaching, how one understands and views instructional design is another critical influence on how instructional des...

This case study examines this training program by asking: How does cultural capital interact with the instructional design process, as defined by Young's. the processes of instructional design, development, and evaluation. defined instructional design as “the entire process of analysis. 1In addition. Explain the process of evaluation and its role within instructional design. evaluation is exami...

Human cognitive architecture includes a working memory of limited capacity and duration with partially separate visual and auditory channels, and an effectively infinite long-term memory holding many schemas that can vary in their degree of automation. These cognitive structures have evolved to handle information that varies in the extent to which elements can be processed successively in worki...

Second Generation Instructional Design 2 Sometime ago the editor of this journal suggested to the first author that there was very little that was new in instructional design. In a recent meeting a colleague suggested that all of the instructional design theory in current use was at least 20 years old and firmly rooted in behavioral psychology. Is current ID theory adequate to the needs of cont...

This paper first summarizes, and then compares and contrasts two well-known instructional design models: Dick and Carey Model (DC) and Morrison, Ross and Kemp model (MRK). The target audiences of both models are basically instructional designers. Both models have applications for different instructional design settings. They both see the instructional design as a means to problem-solving. Howev...