OBJECTIVES To examine the complicity of British American Tobacco (BAT) in cigarette smuggling in Asia, and to assess the centrality of illicit trade to regional corporate strategy. METHODS Analysis of previously confidential documents from BAT's Guildford depository. An iterative strategy combined searches based on geography, organisational structure, and key personnel, while corporate euphem...

this paper seeks to understand the politician economy implications of nicotine addiction in iran, focusing on the us office of foreign asset control’s (ofac) awarding of iran operations licenses to american tobacco companies. presuming that tobacco taxes, levied both as import duties and ad valorem, would financially benefit the iranian government, such the introduction of a highly desired us p...

3 4 Foreword This National Report on drug policy and the drug development in Sweden during 1999/2000 has been compiled for the European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction, a European Union agency. EMCDDA, in its turn, produces an annual report for all Member States. The report has been made in cooperation with several national bodies and a steering group was appointed to assist in t...

BACKGROUND Cigarette smuggling is a major public health issue, stimulating increased tobacco consumption and undermining tobacco control measures. China is the ultimate prize among tobacco's emerging markets, and is also believed to have the world's largest cigarette smuggling problem. Previous work has demonstrated the complicity of British American Tobacco (BAT) in this illicit trade within A...

D the smuggling of nuclear weapons in container freight is critical. Previous work has suggested that such deterrence could be achieved by retaliation threats and partial inspection. However, pre-event declared retaliation threats may not be credible, causing the desired deterrence not to be achieved. In this paper, we extend and complement the work of Haphuriwat et al. (2011) to model credible...

Cigarette smuggling reduces the price of cigarettes, thwarts youth access restrictions, reduces government revenue, and undercuts the ability of taxes to reduce consumption. The tobacco industry often opposes increases to tobacco taxes on the claim that greater taxes induce more smuggling. To date, little is known about the magnitude of smuggling in the Philippines. his information is necessary...

A central parameter for evaluating tax policies is the price elasticity of demand for cigarettes. But in many countries this parameter is difficult to estimate reliably due to widespread smuggling, which significantly biases estimates using legal sales data. An excellent example is Canada, where widespread smuggling in the early 1990s, in response to large tax increases, biases upwards the resp...