Gamma knife radiosurgery is an effective alternative to embolization or microsurgical removal of small arteriovenous malformations, particularly in eloquent areas of brain tissue. Stereotaxic angiography is a useful diagnostic and targeting adjunct to gamma knife radiosurgery, and the authors present their experience (1,100 patients) with methods and technique, and show how the nidus of the art...

BACKGROUNDS With respect to the knife's design in colorectal endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD), diameter, water jet function, and electric power are important because these relate to efficient dissection. In this study, we analyzed a novel, narrow ball tip-typed ESD knife with water jet function (Flush knife BT-S, diameter: 2.2 mm, length: 2000 mm, Fujifilm Co., Tokyo, Japan) compared to a...

RATIONALE Scars always related to functional limitations, cosmetic impairment, and social and emotional problems. Clinical improvements in scar characteristics after autologous fat grafting are well described. In this paper, we present an innovative approach to treat depressed scars. PATIENT CONCERNS We presented a 29-year-old woman with multiple depressed scars in the left upper arm and near...

BACKGROUND AND STUDY AIMS  Few studies have directly compared endo-knives for endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) in humans. We compared the performances of the Mucosectom2 and SB knife Jr. PATIENTS AND METHODS  Two trainee endoscopists performed ESD of 36 lesions in this prospective, randomized controlled trial. Mucosal incision with a 1.5-mm Dual knife and submucosal dissection using the...

The knife change minimisation problem is a special case of the Generalised Travelling Salesman Problem arising in the paper industry as a sub-problem to the one-dimensional cutting stock problem. In the knife change minimisation problem a sequence of cutting patterns needs to be produced at a paper machine winder. Each of the patterns consists of a list of reels, the relative position of which ...

Introduction Occasional difficulty is experienced in mobilizing the posterior horn of the medial meniscus, in spite of the use of the special cartilage knives and snares that have been designed to overcome this. The purpose of this paper is to describe a modification of the standard meniscectomy procedure and thereby simplify it. The modification consists of the section of the posterior attachm...

Cerebral arteriovenous malformations (AVM), regardless of the mode of discovery, have an annual risk of hemorrhage of approximately 4 percent. A progressive obliterative vasculitis culminating in the occlusion of an AVM may be induced by the administration of radiation doses of approximately 20 Gy given in a single fraction. The process takes about two years and occlusion occurs in approximatel...