OBJECTIVE To review the safety of simultaneous bilateral posterior cricoarytenoid muscle botulinum toxin injections. DESIGN Retrospective case series review. SETTING Tertiary care academic clinic. PATIENTS Twenty-one patients with abductor spasmodic dysphonia. INTERVENTIONS Patients received 100 simultaneous bilateral posterior cricoarytenoid muscle botulinum toxin injections for isolat...

Aiming at the stochastic vehicle routing problems with simultaneous pickups and deliveries, a novel discrete differential evolution algorithm is proposed for routes optimization. The algorithm can directly be used for the discrete domain by special design. Computational simulations and comparisons based on two kinds of problems of different sizes of SVRPSPD are provided. Results demonstrate tha...

according to the global fuel crisis, it seems necessary to use alternative fuel instead of gasoline. since the natural gas is cheaper, have higher frequency than gasoline and less pollution, it is a suitable fuel. many efforts have been done in order to replace gasoline with natural gas. one of the methods is to inject natural gas and gasoline fuel simultaneously and to use the benefits of both...

~ T M C ~ . R a p t o r diet is most commonly measured indirectly, by analyzing castings and prey remains, or directly, by observing prey deliveries from blinds. Indirect methods are not only time consuming, but there is evidence to suggest these methods may overestimate certain prey taxa within raptor diet. Remote video surveillance systems have been developed to aid in monitoring and data col...

one hundred and sixty preterm deliveries were done at our center in (1996-97). classification according to etiology shows that 30% of these deliveries were due to prom, and 13.75% had to be induced secondary to underling fetal or maternal indication, in 35.6% there were maternal or fetal pathology, and in 20.6% there were no recognized reason (idiopathic). the various etiologic factors were eva...