An innovative horizontal-arranged shear stud was proposed for prefabricated composite beams, in response to the engineering demand accelerated precast decks construction on steel–concrete bridges. In order verify behavior of studs, a push-out test performed which two groups specimens were designed, and each group included three specimens. addition, finite element method based ABAQUS2020 softwar...

This paper presents a genetic algorithm model for the cost optimization of composite beams based on the Load and Resistance Factor Design (LRFD) specifications of the AISC. The model formulation includes the costs of concrete, steel beam, and shear studs. Two examples taken from the literature were analyzed in order to validate the model, to illustrate its use, and to demonstrate its capabiliti...

Abstract The composite structure composed of ultra‐high performance concrete (UHPC) and normal (NC) has been widely applied to engineering structures. U‐shaped shear studs play an important role in the combination UHPC‐NC interface. To investigate interface characteristics with studs, numerical model 14 various parameters is calculated based on push tests. influences diameter, stud number, NC e...

A SUBSTANTIAL PERCENTAGE of 2 by 4 studs cut from southern pine veneer cores or small logs warp excessively when kiln-dried to 9 or 10 percent moisture content (MC). Warp can be significantly reduced by mechanical restraint during the drying process (Koch 1971). One practical way of applying restraint calls for a top load on each kiln stack to impress sharply toothed kiln sticks into each board...

Light-gauge steel framed (LSF) walls used in low- and mid-rise buildings are usually sheathed with gypsum plasterboard to protect the thin-walled studs fire. The structural failures of these fire mostly associated local in-plane shear or pull-through at their stud-to-gypsum sheathing screw fastener connections. reductions mechanical properties cold-formed elevated temperatures significantly red...