Background Based on previous findings, we have estimated that, in injured coronary artery tissue, the low molecular weight disulfides homocystine and cysteine-homocysteine, otherwise identified as oxidized homocysteine equivalents (OHcyE), may achieve a total concentration that is higher than the aqueous solubility of homocystine at room temperature. In order to verify whether or not OHcyE coul...

Cyclosporine A-nanosuspensions were prepared using zirconium oxide beads as a milling media, Poloxamer 407 as a stabilizer and distilled water as an aqueous medium using the Pearl Milling technique. The optimized formulation was characterized in terms of particle size distribution, surface morphology, drug-surfactant interaction, drug content, saturation solubility, osmolarity, and stability. T...

A microcomputer program to calculate the cholesterol saturation of bile is described. The program is designed to accept most of the conventional concentration units for bile salts, phospholipid, and cholesterol. The calculated cholesterol saturation can be corrected for the presence of ursodeoxycholic acid conjugates in bile. The program is designed to make appropriate statements when the input...

Solubility and dissolution rate of drugs are of major importance in pre-formulation studies of pharmaceutical dosage forms. The solubility improvement allows the drugs to be potential biowaiver candidates and may be a good way to develop more dose-efficient formulations. Solubility behaviour of lamivudine, stavudine and zidovudine in individual solvents (under pH range of 1.2 to 7.5) was studie...

This paper examines the potential for calcium carbonate to reduce phosphate pollution in freshwaters by co-precipitation, a process known as a “self cleansing mechanism”. Calcium carbonate saturation levels and phosphate concentrations (SRP soluble reactive phosphate) across the major eastern UK river basins are examined to test for solubility controls. The study shows that calcite saturation v...

The concentrations of Ca, S, Al, Si, Na, and K in the pore solutions of ordinary Portland cement and white Portland cement pastes were measured during the first 28 d of curing at temperatures ranging from 5–50 jC. Saturation indices with respect to solid phases known to form in cement paste were calculated from a thermodynamic analysis of the elemental concentrations. Calculated saturation leve...

CONTEXT Diacerein (DCN) has low aqueous solubility (3.197 mg/L) and, consequently, low oral bioavailability (35%-56%). To increase both the solubility and dissolution rate of DCN while maintaining its crystalline nature, high pressure homogenization was used but with only a few homogenization cycles preceded by a simple bottom-up technique. METHODS The nanosuspensions of DCN were prepared usi...

Cocrystallization of drug with coformers is a promising approach to alter the solid state properties substances like solubility and dissolution. The objective present work was preparation, formulation evaluation clozapine cocrystal by screening various coformers. Clozapine co-crystals were prepared using different benzoic acid, fumaric sodium saccharin acetate. Cocrystals solvent evaporation me...