The propagation of variola virus on the chlorioallantoic membrane of embryonated eggs was first reported by Torres and Teixeira (1935). Application of this finding was made by Lazarus et al. (1937), Buddingh (1938) and Markham and Bozalis (1939) who utilized embryonated eggs as a diagnostic medium. Nelson (1940, 1943), described the development and stability of variola virus in egg passage but ...

One important result of egg activation is the establishment of blocks to prevent polyspermic fertilization; these blocks are established on the zona pellucida and the egg plasma membrane. This study examines what the sperm brings to the egg to induce the establishment of the membrane block to polyspermy, building on past evidence that membrane block establishment does not occur in response to p...

BACKGROUND Antiseptics are frequently used for the prophylaxis and treatment of local infections of chronic wounds. Whereas local antiseptics in general have a positive effect on wound healing an uncritical use may impair wound healing due to toxic side effects. OBJECTIVE We sought to assess the vascular irritation potential of different antiseptic solutions and ointments commonly used for sh...

Comparative studies on the irritation potential of 18 surfactants were performed using the same stock solution of surfactant for each study. The ocular irritation potential of surfactants was studied using the red blood cell test (RBC), the hen's egg test-chorioallantoic membrane (HET-CAM) and the Skinethic ocular tissue model. The skin irritation potential was assessed based on data obtained f...

background and aims: adventitious agents, especially viral agents are among the most important concerns in viral vaccines. viral contamination of biological products may arise from the original source of the reagents such as, serum, trypsin, animal or human derived media components or cell culture and working seed or cross contamination of vaccine during production. in this study, adventitious ...

The lesions produced by six Candida species on the chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) of the developing chick are described and compared. It is suggested that CAM inoculation be used as a pathogenicity test for Candida species.

Background and Aims: Adventitious agents, especially viral agents are among the most important concerns in viral vaccines. Viral contamination of biological products may arise from the original source of the reagents such as, serum, trypsin, animal or human derived media components or cell culture and working seed or cross contamination of vaccine during production. In this study, adventitious ...

Objective: The objective of this study was to examine and characterize topical eye drops with indomethacin-loaded poly(vinyl acetate) nanoparticles (IMC-p(VAc)-NPs). Methods: IMC-p(VAc)-NPs were obtained by emulsifier-free radical homopolymerization of the monomers in the presence of indomethacin in water and in an aqueous solution of Carbopol®. Thus obtained indomethacin nanocarriers were incl...

Extensive research has been conducted over the past decades to develop alternatives to the rabbit eye irritation test (Draize test) used in a regulatory context to assess eye irritation potentials. Although no single in vitro test has emerged as being completely acceptable for full replacement, various tests are considered to be suitable and are regularly used to assess certain aspects. Amongst...