new millennium began when half of world population is living in the cities. predictions represent that the proportion of citizenship will reach to 65 percent by 2050. one the phenomena affected by living in the cities is citizenship. citizenship phenomenon is one of the phenomena that in in the era of social political evolution in the world have received much attention. presentation of theories...

background: citizenship education is increasingly considered as an important strategy to empower youths in taking responsibilities and playing their individual and social roles, and to protect them against psychosocial pathologies. the purpose of the present descriptive study was to investigate students’ levels of knowledge,  their intention, subjective norms, and attitudes toward the character...

In European integration studies citizenship policy has not received much attention as a practice. Instead much of the literature has predominantly focused on legal assessments of Union citizenship shedding light on the limitations of supranational citizenship -compared to the familiar statist concepts of citizenship. Legal approaches have thus often adopted a minimalist perspective on citizensh...

This article compares the impact of post-war immigration on citizenship in three Western states: the United States, Germany and Great Britain. While focusing on national variations in the immigration-citizenship relationship, this comparison suggests some general implications for the institution of citizenship in liberal states: citizenship remains indispensable for integrating immigrants; the ...

Over the last two decades sexuality has emerged as a key theme in debates about citizenship, leading to the development of the concept of sexual citizenship. This article reviews this literature and identifies four main areas of critical framing: work that contests the significance of sexuality to citizenship; critiques that focus on the possibilities and limitations of mobilising the language ...

In this article two distinct but related questions are addressed. First, can the politics of ecology be articulated in terms of citizenship? An affirmative answer is given to this question, and an outline of ‘ecological citizenship’ is presented. This gives rise to the second question: how does ecological citizenship affect the idea of citizenship itself? This question is answered through the a...

this study aims to determine organizational citizenship behavior’s impact on customer loyalty and quality of services. that is to examine, organizational citizenship behavior of nurses and patients (customers) of the kermanshah province hospitals by two hypotheses. population comprised of 1524 nurses which 544 nurses were selected as sample. also sample of same size in a random way in a period ...

Immigrants' access to citizenship in their country of residence is increasingly debated in Western democracies. It is an underlying premise of these debates that citizenship and national belonging are closely linked, but at the same time there is considerable cross-country variation in how citizenship is approached in Western democracies. In the literature, these differences are typically under...