Tire cavity noise refers to the vehicle noise due to the excitation of the acoustic mode of a tire air cavity. Although two lowest acoustic modes are found to be sufficient to characterize the cavity dynamics, the dynamical response of these two modes is complicated by two major factors. First, the tire cavity geometry is affected by the static load applied to the tire due to vehicle weight. Se...

A nonlinear model consisting “yaw, roll, longitudinal, lateral and pitch” has been developed in which, tire and suspension characteristics have been considered. Tire model is based on the elliptic concept and tire Calspan data. According to this tire model, cornering force and aligning moment are computed as a function of slip and camber (inclination) angles, normal load, tire adhesion characte...

recently, mixtures of clay-tire chips are used as construction material in civil engineering projects. with respect to the tending for using these materials, it is necessary to know their mechanical behavior. thereby, a number of undrained monotonic triaxial tests are carried out on the specimens of pure clay and clay-tire chip mixtures. mixed specimens prepared by mixing pure clay with 10%, 20...

We consider the recently introduced model of low ply graph drawing, a straight-line drawing in which the ply-disks of the vertices do not have many common overlaps, which results in a good distribution of the vertices in the plane. The ply-disk of a vertex is the disk centered at it whose radius is half the length of its longest incident edge. We focus our attention on low-ply drawings of trees...

The cholesterol-dependent cytolysin (CDC) pneumolysin (Ply) is a key virulence factor of Streptococcus pneumoniae. Membrane cholesterol is required for the cytolytic activity of this toxin, but it is not clear whether cholesterol is the only cellular receptor. Analysis of Ply binding to a glycan microarray revealed that Ply has lectin activity and binds glycans, including the Lewis histo-blood ...

One of the great enemies of rubber compounds is heat. Heat will cause chemical and physical degradation of vulcanized rubber as well as a considerable loss in its strength. A major source of heat generation in a tire is due to internal friction resulting from the viscoelastic deformation of the tire as it rolls along the road. Another source of heat generation in a tire is due to its contact fr...

Nacrtak The motion resistance ratio, gross traction ratio and net traction ratio of a wheel cable skidder were determined and mathematical models derived for three tire inflation pressure values with or without tire chains on forest road in mountainous conditions. The motion resistance ratio increases with the increase of tire inflation pressure. On the contrary, the gross traction ratio increa...

Given a straight-line drawing Γ of a graph G = (V,E), for every vertex v the ply disk Dv is defined as a disk centered at v where the radius of the disk is half the length of the longest edge incident to v. The ply number of a given drawing is defined as the maximum number of overlapping disks at some point in IR. Here we present a tool to explore and evaluate the ply number for graphs with ins...

This article describes the development of porous two-ply channels for paper-based microfluidic devices that wick fluids significantly faster than conventional, porous, single-ply channels. The two-ply channels were made by stacking two single-ply channels on top of each other and were fabricated entirely out of paper, wax and toner using two commercially available printers, a convection oven an...

Materials such as waste tire chips were widely used to improve the strength of soil. The objective of this study is to discuss the residual strength or steady-state behavior of sand-waste tire chip mixtures. A series of undrained monotonic triaxial compression tests were conducted on reconstituted saturated specimens of sand and sand-tire chip mixtures with variation in the tire-chip contents f...