When I first was asked to present this paper I was quite ignorant of how little of good theory economists really have when it comes to a basic analysis of an almost socio-philosophical character of freedom, rights, liberty, rules, et cetera in society. Few of the words mentioned here will be found in the indices of standard textbooks in economics. We all, however, use the words frequently in ou...

The chapter introduces the theory of constitutive rules and counts-as statements from a philosophical/informal point of view and addresses existing attempts to provide a formalization of it. These attempts are concisely described and compared along three main lines: one pertaining to their contribution to the clarification of a set of selected benchmark problems (e.g., institutional power, clas...

Abstract I explore, from a proof-theoretic perspective, the hierarchy of classical and paraconsistent logics introduced by Barrio, Pailos Szmuc in ( Journal o f Philosophical Logic , 49 93-120, 2021). First, provide sequent rules axioms for all hierarchy, inferential levels, establish soundness completeness results. Second, show how to extend those systems with corresponding validity predicates...

The goal of this study is to apply a multidisciplinary approach towards the discovery of core concepts in the art and science of design. This study advances the intellectual body of knowledge for design science by uncovering common areas of agreement between information systems (IS) and computer science (CS) encouraging the development of new design theories within each individual field. This r...

In certain statistical learning problems, a policy of choosing simpler rules that account fairly well for data is likely to have less error on new cases than a policy of choosing complex rules that have less error on the data. The relevant kind of simplicity is not to be measured in terms of the number of parameters needed to specify a given member of a class of rules but might be measured in t...

The epidemiologic approach to causal inference (i.e., Hill's viewpoints) consists of evaluating potential causes from the following 2, noncumulative angles: 1) established results from comparative, observational, or experimental epidemiologic studies; and 2) reviews of nonepidemiologic evidence. It does not involve statements of statistical significance. The philosophical roots of Hill's viewpo...

1.. HARD CASES 5. Legal Rights A. Legislation . . . We might therefore do well to consider how a philosophical judge might develop, in appropriate cases, theories of what legislative purpose and legal principles require. We shall find that he would construct these theories in the same manner as a philosophical referee would construct the character of a game. I have invented, for this purpose, a...

According to a longstanding philosophical tradition dating back Aristotle, certain proofs do not only certify the truth of their conclusion but also explain it. Lately, much effort is being devoted logically characterise explanatory relation grounding, especially by proof-theoretical means. Nevertheless, no thorough investigation resulting notion formal explanation exists. We show that explanat...