Pharmaceutically active compounds (PhACs) have been shown to accumulate in aquatic and riparian food-webs. Yet, our understanding of how temperature, a key environmental factor nature, affects uptake, biotransformation, the subsequent accumulation PhACs organisms is limited. In this study, we tested what extent bioconcentration an anxiolytic drugs (temazepam oxazepam) affected by two temperatur...

Standardized ecotoxicological tests still constitute the fundamental tools when doing riskassessment of aquatic contaminants. These protocols are managed towards minimal mortality in the controls, which is not representative for natural systems where mortality is often high. This methodological bias, generated from assays where mortality in the control group is systematically disregarded, makes...

Behavioral assays constitute important research tools when assessing how fish respond to environmental change. However, it is unclear how behavioral modifications recorded in laboratory assays are expressed in natural ecosystems, a limitation that makes it difficult to evaluate the predictive power of laboratory-based measurements. In this study, we hypothesized that exposure to a benzodiazepin...

BACKGROUND Postoperative neurological injuries, including cognitive dysfunction, sleep disorder, delirium, and anxiety, are the important consequences of coronary artery bypass graft surgery (CABG). Evidence has shown that postoperative sleep disturbance is partly due to disturbed melatonin secretion in the perioperative period. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of melatonin on p...

Oxazepam and related benzodiazepines are used in the treatment of anxiety. Carcinogenicity studies of oxazepam were performed with the F344 rat because of marked differences in tumor responses observed in NTP studies with B6C3F1 and Swiss-Webster mice compared to the results of Sprague-Dawley rat studies submitted to the FDA by a manufacturer to support registration of the drug. Groups of 50 ma...

Pharmacokinetic studies demonstrated that the decrease in drug biotransformation in hepatic failure depends on the metabolic pathways involved. To test whether glucuronidation reactions supported by UDP-glucuronosyltransferases are differentially affected in such conditions, we investigated the in vitro glucuronidation of four selected drugs and xenobiotics (zidovudine, oxazepam, lamotrigine, a...

In the present study, a reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method was validated and applied for the determination of leflunomide in tablets. Chromatographic separation of leflunomide and oxazepam as an internal standard was carried out on a C(18) column (50 mm, 3 mm i.d.) using a mobile phase, consisting of methanol and water (60:40, v/v), at a flow rate of 0.5 ml min(-...