Oculomotor disturbances commonly occur as manifestations of Graves’ Oohthalmomthv. We investieated the outcome of this disorderfollowing e&ernal-beam orbital radiotherapy. We conducted a prospective study on 15 patients to assess the extent of ophthalmopathy by clinical evaluation, and measurement of the amplitude of gaze and the thickness of the extraocular muscles on computed axial tomography...

Oculomotor disturbances commonly occur as manifestations of Graves’ Oohthalmomthv. We investieated the outcome of this disorderfollowing e&ernal-beam orbital radiotherapy. We conducted a prospective study on 15 patients to assess the extent of ophthalmopathy by clinical evaluation, and measurement of the amplitude of gaze and the thickness of the extraocular muscles on computed axial tomography...

Oculomotor disturbances commonly occur as manifestations of Graves’ Oohthalmomthv. We investieated the outcome of this disorderfollowing e&ernal-beam orbital radiotherapy. We conducted a prospective study on 15 patients to assess the extent of ophthalmopathy by clinical evaluation, and measurement of the amplitude of gaze and the thickness of the extraocular muscles on computed axial tomography...

Oculomotor Nerve Pathway The oculomotor nerve arises from the complex oculomotor nuclei situated ventrolaterally in the periaqueductal gray matter of the midbrain at the level of the superior colliculus. The nuclei consist of groups of large and small multipolar cells which are arranged longitudinally on each side of the midline supplying one of the four extraocular muscles. A single median nuc...

Oculomotor disturbances commonly occur as manifestations of Graves’ Oohthalmomthv. We investieated the outcome of this disorderfollowing e&ernal-beam orbital radiotherapy. We conducted a prospective study on 15 patients to assess the extent of ophthalmopathy by clinical evaluation, and measurement of the amplitude of gaze and the thickness of the extraocular muscles on computed axial tomography...

PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to localize the cell bodies of palisade endings that are associated with the myotendinous junctions of the extraocular muscles. METHODS Rhesus monkeys received tract-tracer injections (tetramethylrhodamine dextran [TMR-DA] or choleratoxin subunit B [CTB]) into the oculomotor and trochlear nuclei, which contain the motoneurons of extraocular muscles. All e...

1. Wilcox LM Jr, Gittinger JW Jr, Breinin GM. Congenital adduction palsy and synergistic divergence. Am J Ophthalmol. 1981;91(1):1-7. 2. Kim JH, Hwang JM. Adduction on attempted abduction: the opposite of synergistic divergence. Arch Ophthalmol. 2006;124(6):918-920. 3. Lim KH, Engle EC, Demer JL. Abnormalities of the oculomotor nerve in congenital fibrosis of the extraocular muscles and congeni...

Congenital fibrosis of the extraocular muscles (CFEOM) is a congenital cranial dysinnervation disorder caused by developmental abnormalities affecting nerves/nuclei innervating muscles. Autosomal dominant CFEOM arises from heterozygous missense mutations KIF21A or TUBB3. Although spatiotemporal expression studies have shown and TUBB3 in developing retinal ganglion cells, it unclear whether exte...

PURPOSE High-resolution magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can now directly demonstrate innervation to extraocular muscles and quantify optic nerve size. A quantitative MRI technique was developed to study the oculomotor nerve (CN3) and applied to congenital fibrosis of extraocular muscles (CFEOM) and congenital oculomotor palsy. METHODS The subarachnoid portions of the CN3s were imaged with a ...