Novel 2'-O,4'-C-ethylene nucleosides have been synthesized as building blocks for antisense and antigene oligonucleotides. 2'-O,4'-C-Ethylene-bridged nucleic acids (ENA) comprising 2'-O,4'-C-ethylene nucleosides have considerable affinity to complementary RNA and double-stranded DNA. Incorporation of 2'-O,4'-C-ethylene nucleosides into oligonucleotides dramatically increase their resistance aga...

Benzhydryl protection of primary and secondary alcohols has been reported previously via reaction with metal alcoholates. Our aim was to find generally useful and very mild conditions for the alcoholic protection and deprotection of nucleosides with the diphenylmethyl group. This was accomplished for some pyrimidine nucleosides using PdCl₂ as the transition metal catalyst, and with optimization...

Recent investigations carried out in several laboratories have demonstrated that columns of Sephadex G-25 and G-10 can be used for separating nucleosidesl 5 . The s~parations reported so far were obtained on large amounts of material (at least 300 nmoles of each nucleoside) and required over 10 h. We report here a new method allowing the separation in 2.5 h of the four common nucleosides, of ei...

2-Deoxy-C-nucleosides are a subcategory of C-nucleosides that has not been explored extensively, largely because the synthesis is less facile. Flexible synthetic procedures giving access to 2-deoxy-C-nucleosides are therefore of interest. To exemplify the versatility and highlight the limitations of a synthetic route recently developed to that effect, the first synthesis of 2-deoxy benzamide ri...

conclusions we discovered a consistent reduction of serum ace levels by two oral antiviral monotherapies, entecavir and telbivudine. serum ace levels were negatively correlated with egfrs in telbivudine treated patients. objectives we aimed to investigate changes in serum protein abundances associated with renal function in response to antiviral treatments. materials and methods primarily, a tr...

The synthesis of base modified L-nucleosides is described with pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidines, pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidines, benzimidazoles, and imidazo[1,2-a]-s-triazines as nucleobases. The conformation of the nucleosides is studied and the antiviral activity is evaluated.

In a previous study (l), evidence was presented to show that in a mutant of Neurospora the whole carbon skeleton of cytidine is incorporated with equal effectiveness into the pyrimidine nucleosides of ribonucleic acid and deoxyribonucleic acid. In this article a comparable experiment is described in which uniformly labeled Cr4-adenosine was fed to an adenine-requiring mutant grown in the presen...