UNLABELLED Dengue is one of the main public health concerns worldwide. Recent estimates indicate that over 390 million people are infected annually with the dengue virus (DENV), resulting in thousands of deaths. Among the DENV nonstructural proteins, the NS1 protein is the only one whose function during replication is still unknown. NS1 is a 46- to 55-kDa glycoprotein commonly found as both a m...

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) nonstructural protein 1(NS1) attenuates type-I interferon (IFN) production during RSV infection; however the precise role of RSV NS1 protein in orchestrating the early host-virus interaction during infection is poorly understood. Since NS1 constitutes the first RSV gene transcribed and the production of IFN depends upon RLR (RIG-I-like receptor) signaling, we r...

We report the structure-based design and synthesis of a unique NOS inhibitor, called nanoshutter NS1, with two-photon absorption properties. NS1 targets the NADPH site of NOS by a nucleotide moiety mimicking NADPH linked to a conjugated push-pull chromophore with nonlinear absorption properties. Because NS1 could not provide reducing equivalents to the protein and competed with NADPH binding, i...

The non-structural protein, NS1, is a virulence factor encoded by influenza A viruses (IAVs). In this report, we provide evidence that the conserved residue, tyrosine (Y) 84, in a conserved putative SH2-binding domain in A/Duck/Hubei/2004/L-1 [H5N1] NS1 is critical for limiting an interferon (IFN) response to infection. A phenylalanine (F) substitution of this Y84 residue abolishes NS1-mediated...

UNLABELLED NS1 of influenza A virus is a potent antagonist of host antiviral interferon responses. This multifunctional protein with two distinctive domains, an RNA-binding domain (RBD) and an effector domain (ED) separated by a linker region (LR), is implicated in replication, pathogenesis, and host range. Although the structures of individual domains of NS1 from different strains of influenza...

We report a case of hydrops foetalis due to maternal dengue haemorrhagic fever (DHF). A 19-year-old mother was diagnosed have DHF with positive NS1 Antigen (NS1) at 39 weeks gestation. Ultrasound scan revealed fetal hypoxia. Her antenatal period uneventful normal scans. She delivered 3.3kg baby 39-weeks gestation via spontaneous vaginal delivery. Baby non-immune pleural and peritoneal effusion ...

Zika virus (ZIKV) is a mosquito-borne flavivirus that recently emerged in the South Pacific, Americas, and Caribbean islands, where the larger epidemics were documented. ZIKV infection in humans is responsible for neurological disorders and microcephaly. Flavivirus NS1 is a non-structural glycoprotein that is expressed on the cell surface and secreted as a hexameric lipoprotein particle. Intrac...

Infection with dengue virus (DV) causes diseases ranging from self-limited dengue fever to life-threatening dengue hemorrhagic fever and dengue shock syndrome. Vascular leakage, thrombocytopenia and bleeding are the clinical manifestations associated with dengue hemorrhage. We previously showed that anti-DV nonstructural protein 1 (NS1) antibodies (Abs) cross-reacted with endothelial cells. The...

BACKGROUND Dengue is a public health problem in many countries. Rapid diagnosis of dengue can assist patient triage and management. Detection of the dengue viral protein, NS1, represents a new approach to dengue diagnosis. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS The sensitivity and specificity of the Platelia NS1 ELISA assay and an NS1 lateral flow rapid test (LFRT) were compared against a gold standa...

In the cell nucleus the NS1 protein of influenza A virus inhibits both pre-mRNA splicing and the nuclear export of mRNAs. Both the RNA-binding and effector domains of the protein are required for these nuclear functions. Here we demonstrate that the NS1 protein has a latent nuclear export signal (NES) that is located at the amino end of the effector domain. In uninfected, transfected cells the ...