Background: Melanin pigmentation of the gingiva occurs in allethnicities. Excessive pigmentation is an esthetic concern thathas increased awareness about depigmentation procedures. Thepurpose of the present study was to correlate the skin color andgender with the intensity and distribution of gingival melaninpigmentation in a group of South Indians for treatment strategies.Method: Two hundred m...

BACKGROUND AND AIM: Oral pigmentation is a condition in which the color of oral mucosa such as gingival mucosa changes. Some exogenous and endogenous factors may lead to oral pigmentation. Secondhand smoke (SHS) or environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) is indirect smoking of an active smoker’s exhalation that can lead to cardiovascular, respiratory system, and some...

introduction: melanin pigmentation in the oral mucosa occurs as a result of several reasons one of which is smoking. cigarette smoke induces numerous side effects in the people who do not smoke, but are in the same environment. the aim of this study was to evaluate the role of parental smoking on pigmentation of their children's oral mucosa. materials and methods: this study was carried out as ...

statement of the problem: melanin pigmentation of the gingiva is a crucial esthetic problem. a variety of methods have been used for gingival depigmentation. purpose: the purpose of this study was to compare the results of two treatment modalities: scalpel technique and cryotherapy with liquid nitrogen in treatment of gingival pigmentation. materials and method: twenty patients with chief compl...

The Neotropical region exhibits the largest diversity of fish worldwide; however, little is known about the early development of fish species from this region. Therefore, to contribute to this knowledge, this study aimed to morphologically describe the early stages of development (eggs, larvae and juveniles) of S. pappaterra using morphometric and meristic traits, and to assess changes in growt...

This Perspective provides a brief summary of the scientific evidence for often two-way links between hyperglycemia, including manifest diabetes mellitus (DM), and oral health. It delivers in nutshell examples current following manifestations along with any available effect opposite direction: periodontal diseases, caries/periapical periodontitis, tooth loss, peri-implantitis, dry mouth (xerosto...

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According to the Central Statistics Agency, percentage of smokers among Indonesians aged 15 years is relatively high. It was 32.20%, 29.03%, and 28.69%, in 2018, 2019, 2020 respectively. Cigarettes contain tar that changes into a solid builds up colored plaque when entering mouth. Perpetual cigarette smoke causes brown pigmentation on mucosa, known as smoker's melanosis. Smoker's melanosis abun...