To study the neuropathic pain mechanism, various behavioral responses of animals in to different neuropathic models were considered. Adult male Sprague-Dawley rats weighing 230-280 g were used. Anesthesia was initially induced with pentobarbital I.P. (50 mg/kg). These models included (1): chronic constriction injury (CCI) by loose ligation of the sciatic nerve (2) Spared nerve injury (SNI) by a...

due to the existence of fibrous materials such as plastic fragments, the strength anisotropy of municipal solid waste (msw) materials is the main source of differences between their mechanical response in direct shear and triaxial apparatus. as an extension of earlier research on the mechanical behavior of msw using a large traixail apparatus, results presented in shariatmadari et al. [1] and k...

In this paper we propose a method for evaluating test measurements for complex circuits that are difficult to simulate. The evaluation aims at estimating test metrics, such as parametric test escape and yield loss, with parts per million (ppm) accuracy. To achieve this, the method combines behavioral modeling, density estimation, and regression. The method is demonstrated for a previously propo...

To study the neuropathic pain mechanism, various behavioral responses of animals in to different neuropathic models were considered. Adult male Sprague-Dawley rats weighing 230-280 g were used. Anesthesia was initially induced with pentobarbital I.P. (50 mg/kg). These models included (1): chronic constriction injury (CCI) by loose ligation of the sciatic nerve (2) Spared nerve injury (SNI) by a...

Fluoroacetate has been widely used to inhibit glia metabolism in vivo. It has yet to be shown what the effects of chronic intrathecal infusion of fluoroacetate on nociceptive behavioral testing are. The effects of chronic infusion of fluoroacetate (5 nmoles/h) for 2 weeks were examined in normal rats. Chronic intrathecal fluoroacetate did not alter mechanical threshold (von Frey filaments), res...

There is much evidence supporting the hypothesis that magnitude of nerve root mechanical injury affects the nature of the physiological responses which can contribute to pain in lumbar radiculopathy. Specifically, injury magnitude has been shown to modulate behavioral hypersensitivity responses in animal models of radiculopathy. However, no study has determined the mechanical deformation thresh...

this study was designed to investigate the therapeutic effects of saffron (crocus sativus l) and its main constituent crocin on neuropathic pain behavioral responses induced by chronic constriction injury (cci) in rats. adult male wistar rats (200 to 250 g) were randomly assigned into 5 groups: sham + saline, cci + saline, cci+ saffron (30 mg/kg), cci +crocin (15 mg/kg) and cci + crocin (30 mg/...

In order to provide a rigorous foundation for Software Product Lines (SPLs), several fundamental approaches have been proposed to their formal behavioral modeling. In this paper, we provide a structured overview of those formalisms based on labeled transition systems and compare their expressiveness in terms of the set of products they can specify. Moreover, we define the notion of tests for ea...

Pain is the leading cause of emergency department visits, hospitalizations, and daily suffering in individuals with sickle cell disease (SCD). The pathologic mechanisms leading to the perception of pain during acute RBC sickling episodes and development of chronic pain remain poorly understood and ineffectively treated. We provide the first study that explores nociceptor sensitization mechanism...