in this work, the removal of copper from an aqueous solution by granular activated carbon (gac) in the presence of competitor ions was studied. a batch adsorption was carried out and different parameters such as ph, contact time, initial copper concentration and competitor ions concentration were changed to determine the optimum conditions for adsorption. the optimum ph required for maximum ads...

Krakatau Steel (KS) is a steel manufacturer in Indonesia. As manufacturer, KS has to operate efficiently by achieving the economies of scale. Plays commodity, make deal with price fluctuation. In uptrend price, customers tend place more order maximize profit. Customers less downtrend minimize risk high inventory. domestic competitors like Gunung Raja Paksi, Gunawan Dian Jaya Steel, Java Pacific...

INTRODUCTION In this protocol, sample and competitor RNAs (previously synthesized as described in Preparation of Competitor RNA for Competitive RT-PCR) are reverse transcribed (separately) in a pilot experiment. A constant amount of sample RT product is then combined with a 2-logserial dilution of competitor RT product for PCR. This procedure provides an approximate copy number for the sample, ...

introduction butyrivibrio fibrisolvens strains are presently recognized as the major butyrate-producing bacteria found in the rumen and digestive track of many animals and also in the human gut. in this study we reported the development of two dna based techniques, quantitative competitive (qc) pcr and absolute based real-time pcr, for enumerating butyrivibrio fibrisolvens strains. despite the ...

Aim—To quantify Toxoplasma gondii DNA using a specially constructed artificial template as competitor in a nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Methods—The diagnostic assay was a nested PCR employing four primers that amplify part of the single copy gene for the P30 major surface antigen in T gondii. An artificial competitor containing the four primer binding sites was made first by creating...