the issue of muhammad's illiteracy and the issues around it have been important debatable topics for a long time. this issue has both positive and negative news. opponents commonly attribute ommy to ommolghora that is the same mecca. however, advocates emphasize to prophet's illiteracy based on verse 48 (spider) and other qur'anic verses. there abundance of historical and anecdot...

Formally, availability of education for children has increased around the world over the last decades. However, despite having a successful formal education career, adults can become functional illiterates. Functional illiteracy means that a person cannot use reading, writing, and calculation skills for his/her own and the community's development. Functional illiteracy has considerable negative...

Shared decision making relies on the exchange of information between the physician and the patient and the involvement of both patient and physician in making the decision. Informed shared decision making thus requires that patients and doctors understand the benefits and harms of different treatment options. This, however, is severely undermined by what we call collective statistical illiterac...