The oxidation of stainless steels 304 and 304L during hot rolling is studied in this paper. Results show the oxide scale thickness decreases significantly with an increase of reduction, and the oxide scales of both 304 and 304L stainless steels were found more deformable than the steel substrate. Surface roughness shows a complicated transfer during the hot rolling process due to the complexity...

The problem of Scheduling Hot Rolling Pass of Steels is very complex because it has large spaces search for solutions. The aim of this work was the Multi-Objective Optimization (MOO) of hot rolling steel sheets in a finishing train of six steps, implementing the second generation of Nondominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm (NSGA-II). It was used two different crossover (AG1 y AG2) operators and t...

In order to optimize the hot forming process of tool steels, further improvement of flow stress prediction and additional knowledge on hot deformability, especially at lower and upper limits of the hot working range, are required. The hot working ranges for these steels are very narrow as a consequence of the role of alloying elements, which form carbides. Carbides improve tool steel’s hardenab...

This paper presents an optimization approach to deal with the problem of minimizing the hot rolling time of a steel slab. Unlike traditional approaches, this work also considers the chemical composition of the steel slab as a parameter, allowing the automatic setup for different steels of the hot rolling mill. To validate the approach discussed here, a six-stand rolling mill is modeled as an op...

The deep cryogenic treatment is a complementary operation that is done on a variety of tool steels aimed at improving their abrasion resistance and hardness. In the case of the H13 hot-work steel, which is widely used at high temperatures as a hot-deformation tool, we need to determine the efficiency of subzero treatment on it at the working temperature. In this regard, this paper is focu...

The hot deformation behaviour of austenite in steels is a complicated process which depends on chemical composition, microstructure, temperature and strain rate. While many models have been developed to represent the flow stress as a function of these variables, it is not yet possible to predict the behaviour for a new alloy. Linear regression techniques are not capable of representing the data...

The hot deformation behaviour of austenite in steels is a complicated process which depends on chemical composition, microstructure, temperature and strain rate. While many models have been developed to represent the flow stress as a function of these variables, it is not yet possible to predict the behaviour for a new alloy. Linear regression techniques are not capable of representing the data...

Hot work tool steel (AISI H13) and high speed steel (AISI M3:2) powders were successfully co-sintered to produce hybrid tool steels that have properties and microstructures that can be modulated for specific applications. To promote co-sintering, which is made difficult by the various densification kinetics of the two steels, the particle sizes and structures were refined by mechanical milling ...