UNLABELLED Describing the viral diversity of wildlife can provide interesting and useful insights into the natural history of established human pathogens. In this study, we describe a previously unknown picornavirus in harbor seals (tentatively named phopivirus) that is related to human hepatitis A virus (HAV). We show that phopivirus shares several genetic and phenotypic characteristics with H...

The complete nucleotide sequence of a novel enteric virus, Aichi virus, associated with nonbacterial acute gastroenteritis in humans was determined. The Aichi virus genome proved to be a single-stranded positive-sense RNA molecule with 8,251 bases excluding a poly(A) tail; it contains a large open reading frame with 7,302 nucleotides that encodes a potential polyprotein precursor of 2,433 amino...

Duck Hepatitis A Virus (DHAV) belongs to the Avihepatovirus, which is also classified into Picornaviridae with Hepatovirus, Hepatitis A Virus (HAV). In humans, the pathogenesis of HAV is not well understood because of limited work with animal models. Here, we investigated the progress of duck viral hepatitis caused by DHAV and their potential for dissecting the pathogenesis of HAV. During the c...

Hepatitis A virus (HAV), the prototype of genus Hepatovirus, has many biological characteristics that distinguish it from other members of the Picornaviridae family. Among these it is worth of note the need for an intact eIF4G factor for the initiation of translation and thus the inability to shut down host protein synthesis by a similar mechanism as in other picornaviruses. Consequently, HAV m...

Hepatitis A virus (HAV), the prototype of genus Hepatovirus, has several unique biological characteristics that distinguish it from other members of the Picornaviridae family. Among these, the need for an intact eIF4G factor for the initiation of translation results in an inability to shut down host protein synthesis by a mechanism similar to that of other picornaviruses. Consequently, HAV must...

The complete RNA genome of avian encephalomyelitis virus (AEV) has been molecularly cloned and sequenced. This revealed AEV to be a member of the Picornaviridae and consequently it is the first avian picornavirus for which the genome has been sequenced. Excluding the poly(A) tail the genome comprises 7032 nucleotides, which is shorter than that of any mammalian picornavirus sequenced to date. A...

Capsid assembly is the final event of virus replication, and its understanding is pivotal for the design of empty capsid-based recombinant vaccines and drug delivery systems. Although the capsid structure of several members of the picornavirus family has been elucidated, little is known about the structural elements governing the assembly process that is tightly associated with proteolytic proc...

THE importance of infectious hepatitis as a world-wide problem has been highlighted in detail during the presentations made at this symposium. It is clear that as of today (May I 8, I968) there is no published report confirming the isolation of infectious hepatitis virus in a tissue-culture system or animal host. Experience with poliomyelitis, measles, and rubella has revealed that the time int...

To define structural elements critical for RNA replication in human parechovirus 1 (HPeV1), a replicon with chloramphenicol acetyltransferase as a reporter gene and an infectious virus cDNA clone have been used. It was observed that there are cis-acting signals required for HPeV1 replication located within the 5'-terminal 112 nucleotides of the genome and that these include two terminal stem-lo...

BACKGROUND Metabolic syndrome (MetS) management programs conventionally focus on the adults having MetS. However, risk assessment for MetS development is also important for many adults potentially at risk but do not yet fulfill MetS criteria at screening. Therefore, we conducted this follow-up study to explore whether initial screening records can be efficiently applied on the prediction of the...