Whole-organ regeneration has great potential for the replacement of dysfunctional organs through the reconstruction of a fully functional bioengineered organ using three-dimensional cell manipulation in vitro. Recently, many basic studies of whole-tooth replacement using three-dimensional cell manipulation have been conducted in a mouse model. Further evidence of the practical application to hu...

A rat T-cell leukemia model was used to study the safety of germ cell transplantation as a mean of preventing infertility in males undergoing gonadotoxic cancer treatment. Donor germ cells were harvested from the testes of terminally ill leukemic rats and were either used directly or cryopreserved and thawed before transplantation by rete testis microinjection. All rats transplanted with testic...

introduction: cryptorchidism has been proved to cause apoptosis in germ cells in respond to changes in the stimulation levels of specific physiological events. the purpose of this study was to determine whether treatment of bilateral cryptorchidism was associated with alterations in testicular gene expression. methods: to induce bilateral cryptorchid model, immature mice were anesthetized and a...

conclusions pc-rplnd is one the major operations in the field of urology, which is associated with significant adjunctive surgeries. in appropriate cases, pc-rplnd was associated with good cancer specific survival in tertiary oncology center. results twenty-one patients underwent bilateral pc-rplnd. mean age was 26.3 years (ranged 16 - 47). mean size of retroperitoneal mass after chemotherapy w...

background: over recent decades a possible decrease in sperm quality and an increase in the incidence of testicular cancer have been reported in many populations. some recent findings, as cohort studies, showed an increased risk of testicular cancer in men with abnormal semen analysis. case: a 30 years old man referred to our clinic with chief compliant of infertility for 3 years. spermogram re...

BACKGROUND An intense debate is ongoing regarding options for fertility protection in oncological patients. Germ cell transplantation has been applied to restore mouse spermatogenesis. Here, an attempt to apply autologous germ cell transplantation to a primate animal model is described. METHODS Five adult male cynomolgus monkeys were biopsied to retrieve and cryopreserve germ cells before bot...

background: creation of artificial gametes may provide a universal solution for these patients of lacking gametes. stem cell technology may provide a way to obtain fully functional gametes. retinoic acid (ra) can initiate meiosis. several studies have demonstrated that ra can promote sperm cells differentiation from mouse embryonic stem cells (mescs) and other cells from human embryonic stem ce...

Spermatogonia are the male germ line stem cells whose life long expansion is needed for permanent production of spermatozoa. The present study was designed to examine the effect of hCG treatment on germ cell proliferation following stem cell transplantation in mice. Spermatogonial stem cells were isolated from neonatal mice testes and characterized by alkaline phosphatase, immunoreactivity and ...

It has been suggested that germline stem cells maintain oogenesis in postnatal mouse ovaries. Here we show that adult mouse ovaries rapidly generate hundreds of oocytes, despite a small premeiotic germ cell pool. In considering the possibility of an extragonadal source of germ cells, we show expression of germline markers in bone marrow (BM). Further, BM transplantation restores oocyte producti...

background and objective: germ cell tumor (gct) accounts for approximately 2-3% of all malignancies in children. in this respect, about 20% of patients with gct are still resistant to therapy. materials and methods: the cross-sectional strategy of this survey was undertaken on 57 patients with germ cell tumor who admitted to ali asghar children hospital during the years 1990- 2003. in this stud...