A gas-liquid chromatography technique which allows simultaneous detection of hippuric acid (N-benzoylglycine) hydrolysis and conversion of fumaric acid to succinic acid by microorganisms uses a new medium, hippurate-formate-fumarate broth, and a gas chromatograph equipped with a thermal conductivity detector. This technique gave more reproducible results than other tests used in the study for d...

In the previous communication (l), it was shown that the free energy of the bivalent fumarate ion at 25” is -144,630 calories. In the present communication the measurement of the equilibrium at 25” between fumaric acid and malic acid in the presence of fumarase is reported, and from the values obtained computations are made of the free energy and heat of formation of the bivalent I-malate ion a...

low molecular weight organic acids are most predominant in apple juice among these components fumaric acid was not exceed more than 5 ppm. it was thought that the hplc is the best method of the determination of organic acids in the apple juice. in this study, chromatographic separation of organic acids of apple juice was obtained by preparing a sample and by applying them to acid phase for extr...

Fumaric aciduria is a rare autosomal recessive metabolic disease which is characterized with excessive fumaric acid exretion in urine. In the prenatal period, polyhydramniosis, intrauterine growth retardation, enlarged brain ventricles and brain anomalies are observed. Growth and development failure, hypotonia, seizures and brain atrophy are the common characteristics of patients with fumarase ...

With the aim of improving the solubility of ciprofloxacin, polybasic organic acids were utilized to react with ciprofloxacin in different stoichiometric proportions. The use of the solvent drop grinding (SDG) method, as well as the solvent evaporation method, resulted in the crystalline salts ciprofloxacin/fumaric acid (1:1, 2:1), ciprofloxacin/maleic acid (1:1) and ciprofloxacin/citric acid (2...

Four growth experiments were conducted to assess the effects of organic acid supplementation on performance of starter and finisher pigs. Three 4-wk starter experiments utilized 392 pigs fed simple corn-soybean meal diets. A fourth experiment employed 135 finisher pigs in a 6-wk study. Each of the starter experiments was initiated immediately after weaning; piglets were 30 +/- 3 d of age. In Ex...

The asymmetric unit of the title compound, C(5)H(5)ClN(2)·0.5C(4)H(4)O(4), comprises a neutral 2-amino-5-chloro-pyridine mol-ecule and one half of a fumaric acid mol-ecule which lies on an inversion center. The dihedral angle between the pyridine ring and the plane formed by the fumaric acid mol-ecule is 3.22 (8)°. The 2-amino-5-chloro-pyridine mol-ecule is planar, with a maximum deviation of 0...

The asymmetric unit of the title compound, C(9)H(9)N(2) (+)·C(4)H(3)O(4) (-)·0.5C(4)H(4)O(4), consists of one 2-phenyl-imidazolium cation, one hydrogen fumarate anion and half a fumaric acid mol-ecule, which lies on an inversion center. N-H⋯O and O-H⋯O hydrogen bonds connect the cations, anions and fumaric acid mol-ecules into sheets parallel to the (102) plane.

The purpose of this study was to obtain a nicorandil pulsatile release tablet that has a well-regulated release lag time. When nicorandil is used as an antiangina drug, administration time control is important. A pulsatile release tablet is one of the effective approaches to modified release to reduce daily administration frequency. In this study, a pulsatile release tablet of nicorandil was fo...

The Aspergillus fumigatus nonribosomal peptide synthetase FtpA is among the few of this species whose natural product has remained unknown. Both FtpA adenylation domains were characterized in vitro. Fumaric acid was identified as preferred substrate of the first and both l-tyrosine and l-phenylalanine as preferred substrates of the second adenylation domain. Genetically engineered A. fumigatus ...