Studies of text comprehension have amply demonstrated that when reading a story, people seek to identify the causal and motivational forces that drive the interactions of characters and link events (e.g., Zwaan, Langston, & Graesser, 1995), thereby achieving explanatory coherence. In the present study we provide the first evidence that the search for explanatory coherence also plays a role in t...

A task-oriented evaluation of text understanding systems was prepared and conducted. Nine different NLP systems participated in the evaluation. NOSC collected 150 texts to be used as development (i.e. training) and test data and prepared explanatory documentation on them. The performance task--a simulated database update task--and the expected outputs for each text were defined. A scoring syste...

Partially conservative learning is a variant of partial learning whereby the learner, on a text for a target language L, outputs one index e with L = We infinitely often and every further hypothesis d is output only finitely often and satisfies L 6⊆ Wd. The present paper studies the learning strength of this notion, comparing it with other learnability criteria such as confident partial learnin...

We present a method for automatic generation of in-text explanatory hyperlinks for use in web publishing. A system using this method is currently in production as part of a service for enriching plaintext content. We recognize the importance of link anchors in practical use of such systems, therefore the method is centered around link anchor selection and uses semantic similarity only to resolv...

Previous eye tracking studies have consistently associated increased eye fixations with comprehension difficulty. However, little research has probed this relationship in more complex news stories online. This exploratory within-subject experiment exposed participants (N = 20) to different text and graphic structures in health news stories. Results suggest enhanced learning, shorter viewing tim...

Explanatory sentences are employed to clarify reasons, details, facts, and so on. High quality online product reviews usually include not only positive or negative opinions, but also a variety of explanations of why these opinions were given. These explanations can help readers get easily comprehensible information of the discussed products and aspects. Moreover, explanatory relations can also ...

Abstract This paper examines the current empirical accounting research paradigm. We ask: In general, do estimated regressions support promoted narratives? focus on a regression model’s main variable of interest and consider extent to which it contributes explanation dependent variable. replicate 10 recently published studies, all rely significant t-statistics, per conventional levels, claim rej...

In this paper, we describe and compare systems for text normalization based on statistical machine translation (SMT) methods which are constructed with the support of internet users. Internet users normalize text displayed in a web interface, thereby providing a parallel corpus of normalized and nonnormalized text. With this corpus, SMT models are generated to translate non-normalized into norm...