Traditional management of electricity portfolios is focused on the day-ahead market and futures of longer maturity. Market participants use these markets to trade any excess production or consumption in their portfolio and balance their total position. Within limits, market participants can also resort to the balancing energy market to close their positions. The energy transactions on the balan...

The present work considers energy aware distributed clustering protocol (EADC) which is commonly employed for balancing the energy consumption in non-uniformly deployed sensor networks. In the EADC, residual energy is considered as the primary clustering parameter and the clusters are constructed using uniform competition radius. However in non-uniform node distribution scenarios, more energy i...

Network lifetime and energy efficiency are crucial performance metrics used to evaluate wireless sensor networks (WSNs). Decreasing and balancing the energy consumption of nodes can be employed to increase network lifetime. In cluster-based WSNs, one objective of applying clustering is to decrease the energy consumption of the network. In fact, the clustering technique will be considered effect...

This paper proposes an efficient network architecture to improve energy consumption in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN). The proposed architecture uses a mobile data collector to a partitioned network. The mobile data collector moves to center of each logical partition after each decision period. The mobile data collector must declare its new location by packet broadcasting to all sensor node...

This paper proposes an efficient network architecture to improve energy consumption in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN). The proposed architecture uses a mobile data collector to a partitioned network. The mobile data collector moves to center of each logical partition after each decision period. The mobile data collector must declare its new location by packet broadcasting to all sensor node...

This paper proposed beta trust model based on energy load balancing combines the recent achievements of the trust models in distributed networks, together with the characteristics of wireless sensor networks. The inter-node trust relation is established after an overall evaluation of node trust value based on the monitor results of the node packets forwarding behavior conducted by inter-node co...

Energy efficiency is still a challenging issue in wireless sensor networks (WSNs). Balancing nodes’ activities and duty cycling are efficient ways that could enhance WSN’s performances. In this paper the authors introduce a new asynchronous power saving mechanism that provides an adaptive duty cycle and a minimum overhead to achieve load balancing and energy saving. This mechanism relies on two...

Network lifetime improvement and uncertainty in multiple systems are the issues of wireless sensor network routing. This paper presents fuzzy based particle swarm optimization routing technique to improve the network scalability. Significantly, in the cluster formation procedure, fuzzy based system is used to solve the uncertainty and network balancing. Cluster heads play an important role to r...

Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) are defined as dynamic, self-deployed, highly constrained structured network. The WSN is a special kind of network which consists of large number of sensors and minimum one base station. Main difference between the WSN and the traditional wireless networks is that sensors are extremely sensitive to energy consumption. Energy saving and load balancing are the cruc...