BackgroundAcute Flaccid Paralyses Surveillance (AFPS) monitors the emergence of polioviruses and can track Non-Polio Enteroviruses (NPEVs). We report AFPS activity in Lombardy region (Northern Italy) from 2016 to 2018.MethodsFecal respiratory samples were collected children <15 years who met WHO definition an AFP case, analyzed by virus isolation cell cultures (RD/L20B) a one-step real-time RT-...

Quantitative real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (q-RT-PCR) was used to diagnose echovirus infection and the results were compared to those obtained with the viral culture rate. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from a total of 40 aseptic meningitis patients was used. Positive CSF samples, determined by viral culture (n=29), contained significantly higher echovirus genome copy num...

Induction of immediate-early genes c-jun, junB, and c-fos was demonstrated during echovirus 1 infection in a human osteogenic sarcoma (HOS) cell line. Tenfold induction was seen at 10 h postinfection, corresponding approximately to the end of the first replication cycle of the virus. Echovirus 1 uses VLA-2 integrin as its cellular receptor, and ligand binding by integrin is known to trigger sig...

Echovirus 6 (E6) and echovirus 11 (E11) are common causes of meningitis and other human diseases; they are among the most frequently isolated enteroviruses worldwide. In the present work we have studied genetic variability over the entire VP1 gene of selected isolates representing a wide geographical and temporal range. Fifty new sequences from North Africa were included, together with previous...

Dans, P. E. (National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, Md.), B. R. Forsyth, and R. M. Chanock. Density of infectious virus and complement-fixing antigens of two rhinovirus strains. J. Bacteriol. 91:1605-1611. 1966.-Two rhinovirus serotypes (echovirus 28 and HGP) and poliovirus type 1 were banded by isopycnic centrifugation in cesium chloride. The rhinovirus virions had a ...

Enterovirus (EV) has over 100 serotypes of species A-D, which can cause various symptoms in infants. Enterovirus encephalitis (EVE) is serve disease with high morbidity and mortality in children. To well define the epidemiology of EVE, we wanted to know more about EV and EV molecular typing by conducting this study in Hangzhou.Cerebrospinal fluid samples were collected from children with diagno...

In the summer of 1975 an extensive epidemic of disease due to echovirus type 19 occurred in the West Midlands. The features of this outbreak, and their relationship to the syndrome referred to as 'epidemic neuromyasthenia', are discussed. The two diseases are considered to be separate entities.

An echovirus 11 outbreak occurred among neonates in an obstetric clinic in November 2003. Thirteen neonates were transferred to our medical center, and all were found to have echovirus 11 infection. Viral studies were performed for 32 other infants born in the clinic during the same period, including 30 asymptomatic neonates and 2 febrile infants transferred to another hospital. Two of the asym...

In the summer of 1960, a number of patients from Sheffield, and the surrounding districts were admitted to hospital with clinical evidence of acute meningitis. The studies described below showed that the causative agent most commonly incriminated was echovirus type 9, a virus not encountered in Sheffield during the previous 3 years. The association of this particular virus with aseptic meningit...