BACKGROUND In hemodialysis patients, fluid overload and malnutrition are accompanied by extracellular fluid (ECF) expansion and intracellular fluid (ICF) depletion, respectively. We investigated the relationship between ECF/ICF ratio (as an integrated marker reflecting both fluid overload and malnutrition) and survival and cardiovascular disease (CVD) in the context of malnutrition-inflammation...

We are proposing a liquid rate gyro named “ECF micro rate gyro”. Although the sensing principle is based on that of a conventional gas rate sensor, the liquid micro rate gyro works by an electro-conjugate fluid (ECF) instead of a gas. The electro-conjugate fluid is a dielectric fluid that works as a functional fluid, generating a powerful jet flow (ECF jet) when subjected to a high DC voltage. ...

This paper proposes and presents a novel ECF (electro-conjugate fluid) micropump with TPSEs (triangular prism and slit electrode pair) fabricated by electroforming process using newly developed self-aligned micro molds. ECF is a kind of functional and dielectric fluid. ECF micropump is based on the principle of ECF jet, which is a powerful and active jet flow generated between electrodes immerg...

Kraft pulp mill effluents contain elevated concentrations of resin acids, chiefly abietic and dehydroabietic acid, and other lipophilic wood constituents. Resin acids, if not efficiently removed during wastewater treatment, can be responsible for chronic toxicity in aquatic systems. The objective of this study was to investigate the biological removal of abietic acid (AbA) during the treatment ...

Cells react to their environment through gene regulatory networks. Network integrity requires minimization of undesired crosstalk between their biomolecules. Similar constraints also limit the use of regulators when building synthetic circuits for engineering applications. Here, we mapped the promoter specificities of extracytoplasmic function (ECF) σs as well as the specificity of their intera...

A DNA microarray was used to identify genes transcribed in Neisseria gonorrhoeae using Ecf, an alternative sigma factor. No differences between the transcriptional profiles of strain FA1090 and a mutant where ecf had been inactivated could be detected when both were grown in vitro. We therefore constructed a gonococcal strain in which Ecf can be overexpressed. Some differentially expressed gene...

OBJECTIVES To assess outcomes after repair of enterocutaneous fistulae (ECF) and identify factors that predict mortality and recurrence. DESIGN Retrospective study. SETTING University hospital. PATIENTS One hundred thirty-five patients undergoing ECF repair between 1989 and 2005. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Mortality and recurrence of ECF. RESULTS Definitive operation for ECF was attempted ...

A comprehensive in vivo evaluation of brain penetrability and central nervous system (CNS) pharmacokinetics of atomoxetine in rats was conducted using brain microdialysis. We sought to determine the nature and extent of transport at the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier (BCB) and to characterize brain extracellular and cellular disposition. The steady-state extrace...

Intra-abdominal bleeding is a major and lethal complication in patients with enterocutaneous fistula (ECF) while few studies are involved in this aspect. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the risk factors and assessed the outcome for intra-abdominal bleeding in patients with ECF.A retrospective study was performed from October 2013 to October 2015. Medical records of 67 ECF patients...

FlLMSHARE operates through two Smoke Signal 6800 microcomputers at SMP headquarters in Silver Spring, Maryland. The system makes it possible for ECF depositories in each of the seven ECF administrative regions to draw on one another's film collections for bookings they would otherwise be unable to make. Depositories may access the system with either a TTY or a computer terminal. In addition to ...