Events in a sequence may each be evaluated as good or bad. We propose that such good-bad evaluations evoke emotional responses that change current mood. A model of recurrent updating of current mood is developed and compared to a model of how a sequence of events evoking emotional responses is evaluated retrospectively. In Experiment 1, 149 undergraduates are presented sequences of lottery outc...

This paper focuses on the behavior that users exhibit when faced with system errors in an instant messaging environment in which the system translates each user's messages into the language of the other participants. Messages were annotated to identify the strategies that participants adopt for managing their interaction, including strategies to repair and adapt to translation problems. Results...

The Prisoner’s Dilemma (PD) exhibits a “tragedy” in this sense: if the players are fully informed and rational they are condemned to a jointly dispreferred outcome. In this essay I address the following question: What feature of the PD’s payoff structure is necessary and sufficient to produce the tragedy? In answering it I use the notion of a “trembling-hand equilibrium”. In the final section I...

Energetically highly disfavored geometric isomers are present in only trace amounts in solution and hence cannot be clearly observed by conventional spectroscopic methods. Here, we provide spectroscopic evidence that a suitably sized/shaped cavitand (alpha-cyclodextrin) can discriminate distinctive stereochemical differences between all possible cis-trans stereoisomers of a qualified compound, ...

The  current  study  investigated  the  expression  of  disagreement  by  Iranian  advanced  English learners.  The  data  for  the  study  comprised  the  recorded  discussions  of  26  male  and  female interlocutors  in  three  different  settings:  1)  language  institute,  2)  home  environment,  and  3) university  setting.  Analysis  of  the  arguments  pointed  to  the  influence  of  c...

In this article, we examine gaze direction in responses to polar questions using both quantitative and conversation analytic (CA) methods. The data come from a novel corpus of conversations in which participants wore eyetracking glasses to obtain direct measures of their eye movements. The results show that while most preferred responses are produced with gaze toward the questioner, most dispre...

This study examines whether lexical repetition, syntactic skills, and working memory (WM) affect children's syntactic-priming behavior, i.e. their tendency to adopt previously encountered syntactic structures. Children with Specific Language Impairment (SLI) and typically developing (TD) children were primed with prenominal (e.g., the yellow cup) or relative clause (RC; e.g., the cup that is ye...

Duality of patterning, is, by hypothesis, a universal design feature of language. Every language constructs words from meaningful units (morphemes), which, in turn, are comprised of meaningless phonological elements (e.g., segments, syllables). But whether the language faculty does, in fact, include a separate morphological level, distinct from the phonology, is a matter of controversy. To eluc...

This thesis explores the relationship between phonetic reduction and the pragmatic organisation of conversation, and the treatment of this relationship in phonological representation. It reports on an empirical investigation of pragmatic constraints on reduction patterns in a corpus of spontaneous Dutch conversation, combining phonetic analysis and Conversation Analysis. The starting point of t...

The purpose of this study was to find out how an adult can enable or hinder the realization a disabled child’s agency in play interaction. We focused on invitations, which were constructed as dispreferred by adult. data consisted nine videotaped playing situations with five nurses and children children’s neurological ward. microanalysis interventionist applied conversation analysis one situatio...