Understanding how pathogenic fungi adapt to host plant cells is of major concern to securing global food production. The hemibiotrophic rice blast fungus Magnaporthe oryzae, cause of the most serious disease of cultivated rice, colonizes leaf cells asymptomatically as a biotroph for 4-5 days in susceptible rice cultivars before entering its destructive necrotrophic phase. During the biotrophic ...

A thioredoxin reductase and a thioredoxin were purified to homogeneity from a cell extract of Thermotoga maritima. The thioredoxin reductase was a homodimeric flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD)-containing protein with a subunit of 37 kDa estimated using SDS-PAGE, which was identified to be TM0869. The amino acid sequence of the enzyme showed high identities and similarities to those of typical b...

Peroxiredoxins are cysteine-dependent peroxidases that react with hydrogen peroxide, larger hydroperoxide substrates, and peroxynitrite. Protocols are provided to measure Prx activity with peroxide by (1) a coupled reaction with NADPH, thioredoxin reductase, and thioredoxin, (2) the direct monitoring of thioredoxin oxidation, (3) competition with horseradish peroxidase, and (4) peroxide consump...

Plasmodium falciparum, the causative agent of severe human malaria. The dominance of resistant strains has compelled to the discovery and development of new and different modes-ofaction. Current plasmodial drug discovery efforts remains lack far-reaching set of legitimated drug targets. Prerequisite of these targets (or the pathways in which they function) is that they prove to be crucial for p...

Thioredoxin, thioredoxin reductase and NADPH form the thioredoxin system and are the major cellular protein disulphide reductase. We report here that Escherichia coli thioredoxin and thioredoxin reductase interact with unfolded and denatured proteins, in a manner similar to that of molecular chaperones that are involved in protein folding and protein renaturation after stress. Thioredoxin and/o...

In the arsenic resistance gene cluster from the large linear plasmid pHZ227, two novel genes, arsO (for a putative flavin-binding monooxygenase) and arsT (for a putative thioredoxin reductase), were coactivated and cotranscribed with arsR1-arsB and arsC, respectively. Deletion of the ars gene cluster on pHZ227 in Streptomyces sp. strain FR-008 resulted in sensitivity to arsenic, and heterologou...

A group of bacterial flavoproteins related to thioredoxin reductase contain an additional approximately 200-amino-acid domain including a redox-active disulfide center at their N-termini. These flavoproteins, designated NADH:peroxiredoxin oxidoreductases, catalyze the pyridine-nucleotide-dependent reduction of cysteine-based peroxidases (e.g. Salmonella typhimurium AhpC, a member of the peroxir...

TRXR) chromosomal position 12q23.3-q24.1 (§, ‡) is a homodimeric selenocysteine-containing enzyme. Secys a selenocysteine residue is an essential TR isozyme component, located near the C-terminus region [cysteine (Cys)-497,Secys-498] of the intracellular, redox cellular environments center in the catalytically active enzyme site, Gly-499 is the actual C-terminal amino acid. In their N-terminal ...

The thioredoxin system is vital in maintaining the cellular redox state and implicated various cancers other diseases. It comprises of reductase, NADPH. Various methods have been developed for detection quantification reductase enzyme. Most these suffer shortfall poor specificity, hence there need to develop more robust specific techniques. Recently, has an increased interest fluorescent probes...