Lockin thermography is a well-suited method for the characterization of structures made of both metal and fiber reinforced plastic. In most cases, only phase images are analyzed, although the amplitude images might contain useful information as well. Thus, systematic studies of lockin thermography are presented, assessing amplitude and phase images for the detection and quantification of defect...

Eddy current testing is a kind of non-destructive testing (NDT) method based on the principle of electromagnetic induction. The probe is the key of eddy current non-destructive inspection and its design or combination of form will influence detectability. A complete set of eddy current testing system is designed for standard testing copper and defect copper. Under the same liftoff distance and ...

A method to quantify different glaucomatous visual field defects is presented. Three visual field indices are calculated: the short-term fluctuation, the mean defect, and the corrected loss variation. The method was applied to visual fields tested with program JO on the Octopus automated perimeter. The indices of 130 glaucoma suspects and 50 glaucoma patients were compared with 100 normal contr...

accurate interpretation of radiographic images is dependent on viewing conditions. recently the number of radiology departments has been increased so it needs to use a workstation for reporting. the aim of this study was assess monitor performance and the effect of viewing conditions on object detection. this investigation aimed to quantify the effects of changes in box brightness and ambient l...

OBJECTIVES Use of a positron emission tomography (PET)/single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) system facilitates the simultaneous acquisition of images with fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose ((18)F-FDG) and technetium ((99m)Tc)-tetrofosmin. However, (18)F has a short half-life, and 511 keV Compton-scattered photons are detected in the (99m)Tc energy window. Therefore, in this study, we...

We propose a built-in self-test (BIST) procedure for nanofabrics implemented using chemically assembled electronic nanotechnology. Several fault detection configurations are presented to target stuck-at faults, shorts, opens, and connection faults in nanoblocks and switchblocks. The detectability of multiple faults in blocks within the nanofabric is also considered. We present an adaptive recov...

In order to solve tiny defect detection for solder balls in high-density flip-chip, this paper proposed feasibility study on the effect of detectability as well as classification based on eddy current pulsed thermography (ECPT). Specifically, numerical analysis of 3D finite element inductive heat model is generated to investigate disturbance on the temperature field for different kind of defect...

The detectability of delay flaws can be improved by testing CMOS IC's with a very low supply voltage -between 2 and 2.5 times the threshold voltage Vt of the transistors. A delay flaw is a defect that causes a local timing failure but the failure is not severe enough to cause malfunctioning. Delay flaws caused by degraded signals and gates with lower drive capability than expected are considere...