This paper presents a self-calibration circuit to correct the non-monotonic response in the cascading digitally controlled oscillator (DCO). The proposed calibration circuit can solve the non-monotonic problem when the coarse-tuning control code is changed. The proposed DCO implemented with a standard performance 65nm CMOS process can output frequency ranges from 58.7 MHz to 481.6 MHz. And the ...

Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) systems with direct-conversion architecture suffer from both carrier frequency offset (CFO) and dc offset (DCO). In this paper, we study CFO estimation problem for OFDM systems with time-varying DCO (TV-DCO) caused by gain mode switch of low noise amplifier (LNA). Based on linear approximation of TV-DCO, a blind algorithm is proposed for CFO est...

BACKGROUND The optimal treatment of major fractures in patients with blunt multiple injuries continues to be discussed. The aim of this study is to investigate the clinical course of polytrauma patients treated at a Level I trauma center within the last two decades regarding the effect of changes in the management of their femoral shaft fracture. METHODS In a retrospective cohort study perfor...

BACKGROUND There is still no evidence in literature for damage control orthopaedics (DCO), early total care (ETC) or using external fixation solely in fractures of the long bones in multi-system-trauma. The aim of this study was to determine parameters influencing the choice of treatment in clinical routine (DCO, ETC, or EF) in femoral or tibial shaft fractures in combination with multi-system-...

OBJECTIVES We sought to compare the protective efficacy of enalapril and losartan on lung diffusion in chronic heart failure (CHF). BACKGROUND In CHF, hydrostatic overload causes disruption of the alveolar-capillary membrane and depression of carbon monoxide diffusion (DCO); enalapril improves DCO through mechanisms still undefined; and saline infusion in the pulmonary circulation worsens DCO...

The p38 MAPK signaling pathway plays a pivotal role in inflammation. Targeting p38 MAPK may be a potential strategy for the treatment of inflammatory diseases. In the present study, we show that a novel chromone derivative, DCO-6, significantly reduced lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced production of nitric oxide, IL-1β and IL-6, decreased the levels of iNOS, IL-1β and IL-6 mRNA expression in bot...

The Drosophila tumor suppressor gene fat encodes a large cadherin that regulates growth and a form of tissue organization known as planar cell polarity (PCP). Fat regulates growth via the Hippo kinase pathway, which controls expression of genes promoting cell proliferation and inhibiting apoptosis (reviewed in). The Hippo pathway is highly conserved and is implicated in the regulation of mammal...

In this paper, an ultra low power and low jitter 12bit CMOS digitally controlled oscillator (DCO) design is presented. Based on a ring oscillator implemented with low power Schmitt trigger based inverters. Simulation of the proposed DCO using 32nm CMOS Predictive Transistor Model (PTM) achieves controllable frequency range of 550MHz~830MHz with a wide linearity and high resolution. Monte Carlo ...

We report the first detection of DCO in a circumstellar disk. The DCO J=5–4 line at 360.169 GHz is observed with the 15m James Clerk Maxwell Telescope in the disk around the pre-main sequence star TW Hya. Together with measurements of the HCO and HCO J=4–3 lines, this allows an accurate determination of the DCO/HCO ratio in this disk. The inferred value of 0.035±0.015 is close to that found in ...

Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) has been considered for visible light communication (VLC) thanks to its ability to boost data rates as well as its robustness against frequency-selective fading channels. A major disadvantage of OFDM is the large dynamic range of its time-domain waveforms, making OFDM vulnerable to nonlinearity of light emitting diodes (LEDs). DC biased optical ...