In laboratory studies performed in the United States and Hungary, the dump fly Hydrotaea aenescens (Wiedemann) was reared successfully in manure of 1- to 8-wk-old dairy calves, and in manure from adult lactating dairy cows. Survival in manure collected from 1-wk-old calves was poor (7.2%), better in manure collected from 2- and 3-wk-old calves (53.5%), and best in manure collected from 4- to 8-...

In laboratory studies performed in the United States and Hungary, the dump ßy Hydrotaea aenescens (Wiedemann) was reared successfully in manure of 1to 8-wk-old dairy calves, and inmanure from adult lactating dairy cows. Survival in manure collected from 1-wk-old calves was poor (7.2%), better in manure collected from 2and 3-wk-old calves (53.5%), and best in manure collected from 4to 8-wk-old c...

Livestock is a vital source of methane and nitrous oxide gas which are considered as hazardous greenhouse gas (GHG) causing global warming. This study was conducted to assess GHG emissions from different livestock categories of different (small, medium, large) dairy farming in Bangladesh by using IPCC guideline 2006 and CIGR 2002. The emission rate of CH4, N2O (mainly emits from manure) is incr...

Calf mortality is one of important problems of calf rearing in dairy farms worldwide. Besides, several noninfectious factors, such as management around birth, colostrum management, calf housing, feeding system, hygiene and pathogens, play an important role in calf rearing. The aim of the study was to show the most common causes of mortality of calves up to 90 d of their lives. Some data are ava...

In this study 495 smallholder dairy farms in 52 villages of different township in southwestern province of Iran (Chaharmohal and Bakhtiari province) included 1321 lactating cows and 2811 total mature cows (lactating and dry) during winter 2009 to summer 2010 were used to estimate economic opportunities insmallholder dairy farms. Questionnaire survey was used to collect data from last year infor...

Main results:  In general the colostrum quality (112 g/l I dairy herds of mixed breed is high (50 g colostrum). Older parity cows, cows that smaller quantity of colostrum and cows tha with higher IgG concentration. Reducing colostrum is the most practical means by w  Calves fed 8.5% of birth bodyweight in concentration of IgG in serum in the first 3 Feeding calves transition milk subsequent a...

Evaluation of dairy replacement calf health is generally divided into the pre-weaning and post-weaning periods; with an average weaning age of 8.6 weeks [1]. In 2007, the NAHMS Dairy study found that the pre-weaning period accounts for about 81% of total dairy replacement calf mortality [1]. Accordingly, management strategies to optimize health during this period will have the greatest impact o...

Herd-level risk factors for dairy calf and heifer mortality in France were identified by calculating herd-level variables (including mortality risk or rate) using the National Bovine Identification Database (2005 and 2006). Eleven dairy production areas representing different livestock systems were also included. Statistical analyses were based on a probit model (mortality risk or rate=0 or >0)...

BACKGROUND In Sweden, knowledge about the role of enteropathogenic Escherichia coli in neonatal calf diarrhea and the occurrence of antimicrobial resistance in E. coli from young calves is largely unknown. This has therapeutic concern and such knowledge is also required for prudent use of antimicrobials. METHODS In a case control study Esherichia coli isolated from faecal samples from dairy c...

BACKGROUND Calf disease may result in great economic losses. To implement prevention strategies it is important to gain information on management and to point out risk factors. The objective of this internet based survey was to describe calf management practices on registered dairy breeding farms in Austria and to estimate differences in calf disease incidences depending on farm structure and m...