One hundred and ten children were studied 9 years after each had been in hospital for croup. They were evaluated with a questionnaire, physical examination, allergy skin testing, pulmonary function tests, and a histamine inhalation challenge. Fifty-seven of them had recurrent episodes of croup, and 33 were defined as allergic. The association between allergy and recurrent croup was highly signi...

OBJECTIVES Croup is a common childhood respiratory illness that can result in hospitalization and significant morbidity. This study reviewed records of patients hospitalized with croup to determine characteristics associated with increased inpatient treatment and length of stay (LOS). METHODS Eligible patients were admitted between January 2006 and December 2010 and had discharge diagnosis of...

OBJECTIVE As a consequence of evolving medical practice, the epidemiology of potentially life-threatening upper airway infections is changing. We report our experience over 9 years with viral croup, epiglottitis, and bacterial tracheitis. PATIENTS AND METHODS We studied a retrospective case series of patients admitted to Vermont Children's Hospital with potentially life-threatening upper airw...

INTRODUCTION Croup is characterised by the abrupt onset, most commonly at night, of a barking cough, inspiratory stridor, hoarseness, and respiratory distress due to upper airway obstruction. It leads to signs of upper airway obstruction, and must be differentiated from acute epiglottitis, bacterial tracheitis, or an inhaled foreign body. Croup affects about 3% of children per year, usually bet...

CONTEXT Children with croup are often treated with humidity even though this is not scientifically based, consumes time, and can be harmful. Although humidity using the traditional blow-by technique is similar to room air and no water droplets reach the nasopharynx, particles sized for laryngeal deposition (5-10 microm) could be beneficial. OBJECTIVE To determine whether a significant differe...

Definition and Terminology The term “croup syndrome” refers to a group of diseases that varies in anatomic involvement and etiologic agents and includes laryngotracheitis, spasmodic croup, bacterial tracheitis, laryngotracheobronchitis, and laryngotracheobronchopneumonitis. Although the terms “laryngotracheitis” and “laryngotracheobronchitis” frequently are used interchangeably in the literatur...

OBJECTIVES To determine if children with recurrent croup (RC) and persistent laryngomalacia (LM) clinically improve after supraglottoplasty (SGP). MATERIAL AND METHODS Retrospective chart review cohort at tertiary care children's hospital consisting of patients diagnosed with LM and RC that underwent SGP from July 2011 to August 2014. Clinical history, demographics, clinical outcomes, and ope...

BACKGROUND Croup is one of the commonest respiratory complaints among children. There is growing evidence that steroids may be an effective treatment. AIM To assess the effectiveness of treatment with nebulised steroid for children with croup. METHOD Systematic review of randomised controlled trials comparing administration of nebulised steroid with placebo. Trials were identified from sear...

Croup, a syndrome characterized by a barking cough, inspiratory stridor and respiratory distress, afflicts up to 3% of children less than 6 years of age each year. The syndrome is usually caused by infection with a virus, most often parainfluenza 1 virus, and this infection is believed to cause inflammation of the larynx and trachea, which results in the characteristic symptoms. Admission rates...

AIMS To determine whether nebulised budesonide improves the symptoms or shortens the duration of stay of children admitted to hospital with a clinical diagnosis of croup. METHODS A prospective, randomised, double blind placebo controlled trial. Patients received either nebulised budesonide or placebo every 12 hours. The main outcome measures were duration of inpatient stay and croup scores at...